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Related Concept Videos

Urethra01:16

Urethra

The urethra is a hollowed tubular organ through which urine is expelled from the body. This structure extends from the bladder to the external opening, allowing urine to be released.
The anatomy of the urethra differs between males and females. In females, the urethra is short, measuring about 3–4 cm in length, and opens anterior to the vaginal opening. In males, the urethra is longer and passes through the penis, serving dual purposes: expelling urine and ejaculating semen. The male urethra is...
Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra01:19

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living donor...
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
Ureters01:22

Ureters

The ureters are retroperitoneal tubes located on either side of the vertebral column. They are responsible for transporting urine from each kidney to the urinary bladder. These tubes have thick walls and are approximately 25-30 cm long. Their diameter is around 10 mm at the renal pelvis, gradually narrowing to 1 mm as the ureter obliquely enters the posterior bladder wall through the ureteric orifices. The shape of these orifices is slit-like, which helps to prevent urine backflow toward the...
Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination01:28

Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination

Meaning of Cystoscopic Examination:Cystoscopy is an essential diagnostic tool in urology that is used to assess the structure and function of the genitourinary system. It provides a direct view of the urethra, bladder, and, in some cases, the ureteral openings. This procedure helps detect structural abnormalities, infections, cancers, and blockages in the urinary tract. There are two types of cystoscopy:Flexible cystoscopy is commonly performed in outpatient settings due to its less invasive...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Urethral Stricture Induction Followed by Buccal Mucosa Graft Urethroplasty in a Rat Model
05:09

Urethral Stricture Induction Followed by Buccal Mucosa Graft Urethroplasty in a Rat Model

Published on: April 28, 2023

Female Urethral Reconstruction.

Anne L Ackerman1, Jerry Blaivas, Jennifer T Anger

  • 1UCLA Department of Urology, 1260 15th Street, Suite 1200, Santa Monica, CA 90404 USA.

Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports
|April 9, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Female urethral strictures are rare, and current management often lacks proven efficacy. This review highlights urethroplasty techniques, particularly ventral flap methods, as effective for treating female urethral stricture with good long-term outcomes.

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Urethroplasty with Pedicled Tunica Vaginalis for the Treatment of Long-segment Anterior Urethral Stricture Caused by Lichen Sclerosus of Glans Penis

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Urethral Stricture Induction Followed by Buccal Mucosa Graft Urethroplasty in a Rat Model
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Published on: April 28, 2023

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis
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Urethroplasty with Pedicled Tunica Vaginalis for the Treatment of Long-segment Anterior Urethral Stricture Caused by Lichen Sclerosus of Glans Penis
03:55

Urethroplasty with Pedicled Tunica Vaginalis for the Treatment of Long-segment Anterior Urethral Stricture Caused by Lichen Sclerosus of Glans Penis

Published on: October 18, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Female Pelvic Medicine

Background:

  • Female urethral strictures are uncommon, with limited literature on effective management.
  • Urethral dilation is frequently used but lacks proven efficacy for strictures.
  • The long-term outcomes of dilation and urethrotomy for female urethral stricture are largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review urethroplasty techniques for managing female urethral strictures.
  • To discuss the management of pelvic fracture-associated urethral distraction defects in women.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of urethroplasty techniques for female urethral stricture.
  • Discussion of acute and delayed management strategies for urethral defects.

Main Results:

  • Dorsal graft urethroplasty is feasible in women.
  • Ventral flap urethroplasty techniques demonstrate good long-term outcomes and minimal morbidity.
  • Immediate urethroplasty in women is recommended once hemodynamically stable, differing from male management.

Conclusions:

  • Urethroplasty, especially ventral flap techniques, offers a viable and effective solution for female urethral stricture.
  • Specific considerations exist for managing urethral distraction defects in women, including timely surgical intervention.