Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment01:24

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment

Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of its...
Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents01:17

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents

Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics01:23

Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics

Respiratory symptoms, such as congestion and cough, commonly accompany respiratory tract conditions. Various medications, such as antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics, play crucial roles in providing relief.
Antitussives include codeine, dextromethorphan (Robitussin), and benzonatate (Tessalon). Codeine and dextromethorphan exert their effects centrally by suppressing the cough reflex center in the medulla.  Benzonatate operates peripherally within the respiratory tract by anesthetizing...
Toxidromes: Clinical Features01:30

Toxidromes: Clinical Features

Toxidromes are specific patterns of symptoms resulting from toxic substance exposure. They help in the identification and treatment of poisoning. The symptoms of each toxidrome group indicate poisoning by a certain class of chemicals or drugs.1. Sympathomimetic: Stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. Symptoms include agitation, increased heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), respiratory rate (RR), temperature, and pupil size. Drugs like cocaine and amphetamines, along with tremors and...
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:29

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine...
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:28

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

Prokinetic agents are specialized medications that stimulate gastrointestinal (GI) motility, promoting food movement through the GI tract. Dopamine, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, plays a significant role in this process, reducing GI motility and indirectly controlling the speed of digestion. Dopamine receptor antagonists, such as metoclopramide and domperidone, offer a unique advantage as prokinetic agents. By blocking the dopamine receptors, these drugs increase GI motility, improving food...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ulipristal Acetate: A Review in Symptomatic Uterine Fibroids.

Drugs·2017
Same author

Ixazomib: A Review in Relapsed and/or Refractory Multiple Myeloma.

Targeted oncology·2017
Same author

Cariprazine: A Review in Schizophrenia.

CNS drugs·2017
Same author

Saxagliptin/Dapagliflozin: A Review in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Drugs·2017
Same author

Single-Dose Dalbavancin: A Review in Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections.

Drugs·2016
Same author

Oxycodone DETERx<sup>®</sup> ER Capsules: A Review in Severe, Chronic Pain.

Drugs·2016
Same journal

Impact of Omaveloxolone on Serum Lipids in Patients with Friedreich Ataxia: A 1-Year Real-World Analysis.

CNS drugs·2026
Same journal

Emerging Pharmacological Strategies for Trigeminal Neuralgia.

CNS drugs·2026
Same journal

Psychiatric Symptoms Associated with Corticosteroid Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

CNS drugs·2026
Same journal

Anti-CD20 Therapies in Pediatric Acquired Demyelinating Syndromes: Evidence Across MS, AQP4-IgG-Positive NMOSD and MOGAD.

CNS drugs·2026
Same journal

Isoform-Specific NaV Modulation in Painful Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathy: Promise, Limitations, and a Clinical Agenda.

CNS drugs·2026
Same journal

Correction: Seletracetam Revisited: A Missed Opportunity for Effective Epilepsy Therapy.

CNS drugs·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Induction and Assessment of Levodopa-induced Dyskinesias in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease
05:51

Induction and Assessment of Levodopa-induced Dyskinesias in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease

Published on: October 14, 2021

Dextromethorphan/quinidine: in pseudobulbar affect.

Karly P Garnock-Jones1

  • 1Adis, a Wolters Kluwer Business, Auckland, New Zealand. demail@adis.co.nz

CNS Drugs
|April 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dextromethorphan/quinidine effectively reduced pseudobulbar affect (PBA) episodes in patients with neurological disorders. This treatment demonstrated significant efficacy and good tolerability in the STAR trial, offering a new option for PBA symptom management.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Induction and Assessment of Levodopa-induced Dyskinesias in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease
05:51

Induction and Assessment of Levodopa-induced Dyskinesias in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease

Published on: October 14, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Pseudobulbar affect (PBA) involves uncontrollable emotional outbursts in neurological conditions like ALS and MS.
  • Current treatments aim to manage PBA symptoms, but new therapeutic options are continually explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of dextromethorphan/quinidine for treating pseudobulbar affect (PBA).

Main Methods:

  • A 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter STAR trial.
  • Patients with PBA and ALS or MS received dextromethorphan/quinidine 20 mg/10 mg twice daily or placebo.
  • Primary endpoint: decrease in PBA episodes per day. Secondary endpoint: change in Center for Neurologic Study-Lability Scale score.

Main Results:

  • Dextromethorphan/quinidine significantly reduced the rate of PBA episodes compared to placebo.
  • Patients on dextromethorphan/quinidine showed a significantly greater improvement in the Center for Neurologic Study-Lability Scale score.
  • The treatment was generally well tolerated, with no significant safety concerns regarding QTc prolongation.

Conclusions:

  • Dextromethorphan/quinidine is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for pseudobulbar affect (PBA) in patients with ALS or MS.
  • The STAR trial supports dextromethorphan/quinidine as a valuable therapeutic option for managing PBA symptoms.