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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy01:25

Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that provides crucial insights into the body's physiological functions at a molecular level. It is an indispensable resource for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring various illnesses, notably cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
Fundamental Principles of PET
Positron Emission Tomography01:29

Positron Emission Tomography

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
One of the main requirements of a PET scan is a positron-emitting radioisotope, which is produced in a cyclotron and then attached to a substance used by the part of the body being...
Nuclear Fission02:50

Nuclear Fission

Many heavier elements with smaller binding energies per nucleon can decompose into more stable elements that have intermediate mass numbers and larger binding energies per nucleon—that is, mass numbers and binding energies per nucleon that are closer to the “peak” of the binding energy graph near 56. Sometimes neutrons are also produced. This decomposition of a large nucleus into smaller pieces is called fission. The breaking is rather random with the formation of a large number of different...
Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they produce ions...
Radioactivity and Nuclear Equations03:18

Radioactivity and Nuclear Equations

Nuclear chemistry is the study of reactions that involve changes in nuclear structure. The nucleus of an atom is composed of protons and, except for hydrogen, neutrons. The number of protons in the nucleus is called the atomic number (Z) of the element, and the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons is the mass number (A). Atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers are isotopes of the same element.
A nuclide of an element has a specific number of protons and...
Nuclear Power02:36

Nuclear Power

Controlled nuclear fission reactions are used to generate electricity. Any nuclear reactor that produces power via the fission of uranium or plutonium by bombardment with neutrons has six components: nuclear fuel consisting of fissionable material, a nuclear moderator, a neutron source, control rods, reactor coolant, and a shield and containment system.
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Nuclear fuel consists of a fissile isotope, such as uranium-235, which must be present in sufficient quantity to provide a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

A Whole Body Dosimetry Protocol for Peptide-Receptor Radionuclide Therapy (PRRT): 2D Planar Image and Hybrid 2D+3D SPECT/CT Image Methods
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[Nuclear Medicine in Germany. Key data from official statistics].

D Hellwig1, A Grgic, J Kotzerke

  • 1Klinik für Nuklearmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, 66421 Homburg/Saar. Dirk.Hellwig@uks.eu

Nuklearmedizin. Nuclear Medicine
|April 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Nuclear medicine use is increasing, with more out-patient consultations and rising in-patient procedures like PET/CT scans. Radionuclide therapies also saw an increase, indicating a positive trend in nuclear medicine services.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Radiology
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Nuclear medicine is a vital diagnostic and therapeutic field.
  • Understanding trends in its utilization is crucial for healthcare planning.
  • Official statistics provide a basis for analyzing nuclear medicine services.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the spectrum and volume of in-vivo nuclear medicine examinations and therapies in Germany.
  • To identify temporal trends in the frequency and scope of nuclear medicine procedures.
  • To assess the structure of nuclear medicine healthcare provision.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized official statistics from German health reporting systems.
  • Analyzed outpatient frequency data from statutory health insurance.
  • Employed Bundesärztekammer data and performed customized queries for temporal analysis.

Main Results:

  • Outpatient consultations in nuclear medicine increased from 2008 to 2009.
  • In-patient conventional procedures rose by 4.6% in 2009, with PET/CT scans increasing by 18%.
  • Radionuclide therapies stabilized around 50,000 annually, with shorter hospital stays.

Conclusions:

  • The analysis highlights a positive evolution in key nuclear medicine utilization metrics.
  • Increased use of SPECT/CT and PET/CT reflects a shift towards cross-sectional imaging.
  • Adaptations in procedure frequency, such as increased 123I iodine and 18F PET use, address supply challenges.