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High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation00:57

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation

High-performance liquid chromatography, or HPLC, is an analytical technique that separates liquid samples under high pressures. An HPLC instrument consists of glass bottles for storing solvents called mobile phase reservoirs. HPLC-grade solvents are used to maintain high purity, and the dissolved gases are removed using a degasser, such as a vacuum pumping system or sparging with helium. The solvents are then pumped into the analytical column using a screw-driven syringe or reciprocating pumps.
Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences01:20

Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences

Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) is a highly selective and sensitive technique for accurate elemental analysis. Though the analysis of ICP–MS mass spectra is comparatively straightforward, it is affected by spectroscopic and non-spectroscopic interferences. Spectroscopic interferences arise when the plasma contains ionic species with an m/z value the same as the analyte ion. Spectroscopic interference can be categorized as isobaric, polyatomic ions, and refractory oxide ion...
High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS)01:15

High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS)

The resolution of a mass spectrometer depends on the efficiency of separating ions with different ion masses. The mass of an atom is approximated to the sum of the masses of protons and neutrons inside, considering the masses of protons and neutrons as equal. However, the masses of the proton (1.6726 × 10−24 g) and neutron (1.6749 × 10−24 g) are not truly equal. There is a minor error in the expression of atomic masses relative to the simplest atom of hydrogen. For example, the mass of helium...
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction01:11

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction

High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), formerly referred to as High-pressure liquid chromatography, is a powerful technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in complex mixtures. The term "high pressure" refers to using high pressure to push the liquid mobile phase through the tightly packed columns.
In HPLC, two phases play a critical role in the separation process:
Ion-Exchange Chromatography01:09

Ion-Exchange Chromatography

Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Elution Process01:05

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Elution Process

In High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), the elution process is critical to the separation of analytes and the quality of chromatographic results. Elution describes how compounds move through the column and separate based on their interactions with the mobile and stationary phases. This process determines the resolution, peak shape, and retention times in the chromatogram, which are essential for identifying and quantifying components in complex mixtures. Understanding the elution...

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Using a Cyclic Ion Mobility Spectrometer for Tandem Ion Mobility Experiments
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Published on: January 20, 2022

Achieving 0.2% relative expanded uncertainty in ion chromatography analysis using a high-performance methodology.

Ryan G Brennan1, Therese A Butler, Michael R Winchester

  • 1Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA.

Analytical Chemistry
|April 13, 2011
PubMed
Summary

A high-performance technique originally for ICP-OES was adapted for ion chromatography (IC), achieving very low uncertainty in anion analyses. This method, validated with NIST standards, demonstrates high precision for critical chemical measurements.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Chromatography
  • Spectrometry

Background:

  • Traditional analytical methods often face limitations in achieving extremely low measurement uncertainty.
  • High-performance techniques developed for one analytical field may offer significant advantages when translated to others.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To adapt a high-performance (HP) technique from ICP-OES to ion chromatography (IC).
  • To demonstrate the capability of HP-IC for highly accurate anion analyses.
  • To report uncertainty values for NIST Standard Reference Materials using the developed HP-IC method.

Main Methods:

  • Translation of a high-performance (HP) technique from inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) to ion chromatography (IC).
  • Analysis of National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) from the SRM 3180 series (anion standard solutions).
  • Utilized strong correlation between analyte and internal standard anion peak characteristics (heights or areas).
  • Implemented a unique drift-correction approach.

Main Results:

  • Successful adaptation of HP-IC methodology for ultra-low uncertainty analyses.
  • Relative expanded uncertainty (95% confidence) for NIST SRM anion solutions ranged from 0.087% to 0.27%.
  • Average relative expanded uncertainty achieved was 0.18%.

Conclusions:

  • The HP-IC methodology enables highly precise and accurate anion analyses.
  • The combination of internal standardization and drift correction is crucial for achieving sub-0.2% uncertainty.
  • This HP-IC approach offers a significant advancement for trace anion quantification.