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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Single particle inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (spICP-MS) is an emerging technique for nanoparticle analysis.
  • Establishing the metrological quality of spICP-MS is crucial for its widespread adoption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To validate the capabilities of spICP-MS for measuring the size and number size distribution of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs).
  • To establish measurement protocols for spICP-MS and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM) for AuNP characterization.
  • To evaluate measurement uncertainty for comparing spICP-MS and HR-SEM.

Main Methods:

  • Calibration using consensus particle size values from multiple techniques (NIST RM 8013).
  • Comparison with HR-SEM, a reference method traceable to the International System of Units (SI).
  • Characterization of commercial AuNP suspensions (30, 60, 100 nm) with varying coatings and surface charge.

Main Results:

  • spICP-MS measurements were validated against HR-SEM.
  • Two distinct particle subpopulations were identified in 60 nm AuNP suspensions, a finding not evident from vendor data (transmission electron microscopy).
  • Demonstrated the utility of spICP-MS for routine characterization of diverse commercial AuNP suspensions.

Conclusions:

  • spICP-MS is a validated and reliable method for characterizing nanoparticle size and number size distribution.
  • spICP-MS can reveal complex nanoparticle characteristics, such as subpopulations, missed by other techniques.
  • This validation supports the routine use of spICP-MS in nanotechnology and environmental monitoring.