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Related Concept Videos

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)01:15

Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)

Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT) is an advanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique specifically designed to detect and enhance the signals of low-abundance nuclei, such as carbon-13 and nitrogen-15, in small molecules. The fundamental principle behind INEPT is the transfer of polarization from a more abundant and highly polarizable nucleus, typically hydrogen-1, to the low-abundance nucleus of interest. This process effectively boosts the NMR signal of the...
Diamagnetic Shielding of Nuclei: Local Diamagnetic Current01:14

Diamagnetic Shielding of Nuclei: Local Diamagnetic Current

An applied magnetic field causes the electrons present in the molecule to circulate, setting up a local diamagnetic current within the molecule. The local diamagnetic current arising from circulating sigma-bonding electrons induces a magnetic field, Blocal that opposes the applied magnetic field, B0. The effective magnetic field experienced by these nuclei is given by the difference between the applied and local magnetic fields in a phenomenon called local diamagnetic shielding. Essentially,...
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

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Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
Inductive Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview01:27

Inductive Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview

The protons in unsubstituted alkanes are strongly shielded with chemical shifts below 1.8 ppm. Methine, methylene, and methyl protons appear at approximately 1.7, 1.2 and 0.7 ppm, while the proton signal from methane appears at 0.23 ppm. An electronegative substituent, such as chlorine, withdraws the electron density from the protons, increasing their chemical shift. Progressive substitution of the hydrogens in methane by chlorine shifts the proton signals increasingly downfield, to 3.05 ppm in...
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Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”.

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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
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Quantum-confinement effects in InAs-InP core-shell nanowires.

Z Zanolli1, M-E Pistol, L E Fröberg

  • 1Solid State Physics/The Nanometer Structure Consortium, Lund University, Box 118, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|April 13, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Quantum confinement was detected in indium arsenide-indium phosphide (InAs-InP) core-shell nanowires. This quantum effect arises from the nanowire structure, influencing their optical properties and energy levels.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Semiconductor nanowires exhibit unique quantum mechanical properties due to their reduced dimensions.
  • Indium arsenide (InAs) and indium phosphide (InP) are key materials for optoelectronic devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detect and analyze quantum confinement effects in single InAs-InP core-shell nanowires.
  • To correlate observed optical emission spectra with theoretical models.

Main Methods:

  • Photoluminescence spectroscopy was used to analyze the optical emission of InAs-InP nanowires.
  • Theoretical calculations based on six-band strain-dependent k·p theory were employed.

Main Results:

  • Two distinct emission peaks were observed in the spectra, corresponding to ground and excited quantized energy levels.
  • The emission spectra revealed contributions from the wurtzite structure, strain between core and shell, and InAs core confinement energy.
  • Theoretical estimations of confined energy states showed good agreement with experimental photoluminescence data.

Conclusions:

  • Quantum confinement effects are clearly demonstrated in InAs-InP core-shell nanowires.
  • The study validates theoretical models for predicting energy states in such nanostructures.
  • Understanding these effects is crucial for designing advanced nanowire-based optoelectronic devices.