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Updated: Jun 2, 2026
04:11
The Establishment of a Murine Maxillary Orthodontic Model
Published on: October 27, 2023
Orthodontic space closure after first molar extraction without skeletal anchorage.
Collin Jacobs1, Claudia Jacobs-Müller, Carolin Luley
1Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany. jacobscollin@gmail.com
Summary
Mesializing second molars after first molar extraction using anterior teeth for anchorage caused incisor retraction and soft tissue changes. These side effects impact the patient profile and require careful consideration in treatment planning.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Orthodontics
- Periodontics
Background:
- First permanent molar extraction is common due to carious lesions.
- Mesialization of the second molar is a method for space closure.
- Anterior dentition/premolars (PM) can serve as an anchorage unit.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the effects and side-effects of second molar mesialization.
- To evaluate the use of anterior dentition/premolars as anchorage.
- To assess changes in tooth position and soft tissues.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 35 patients with first permanent molar extraction.
- Space closure via second molar mesialization using elastic chains and laceback ligatures.
- Assessment of tooth movement and soft tissue changes using cephalograms, OPGs, and study casts.
Main Results:
- Space closure was largely achieved by bodily movement of second molars.
- Incisor retraction and posterior displacement of lips were observed.
- Unilateral mesialization showed a slight midline deviation in some cases.
Conclusions:
- Mesializing second molars without skeletal anchorage causes side effects.
- Incisors integrated into the anchorage unit are primarily affected.
- Changes in soft tissues and profile necessitate consideration in treatment planning.
