[Using nanotechnology and nanomaterials in ophthalmology]

Peculiarities of anatomy, histology and physiology of eyes, do not allow to create an effective concentration of a medication in damaged tissues by traditional methods. Therefore, effective remedy delivery to a pathological focus is an current issue for ophthalmologists, pharmacologists and pharmacists. One of the perspective ways to solve this problem is nanotechnology. The use of nanomaterials (nanoparticles, dendrimers, cyclodextrins, liposomes, niosomes, diskomes), medicine formulations (microemulsions, hydrogel systems, nanosuspenisons) and ways of medicine delivery and nanomaterials (contact lenses, microneedles, intraocular implants, iontophoresis), open new possibilities in the treatment of serious eye diseases, such as glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, uveitises of different etiology. It will establish new high level therapy standards in ophthalmology in future. Aspects of possible complications and long-term effects of application of these technologies are still poorly explored and need further development and improvement. Despite of it, this new direction of the treatment in ophthalmology is very important and perspective.