Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Role of Hippocampus in Memory01:19

Role of Hippocampus in Memory

The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
Storage01:23

Storage

A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze each...
Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or playing an...
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the cerebellum's...
Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory01:23

Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory

Neurotransmitters are integral to the brain's communication system, enabling neurons to transmit signals across synapses. This chemical exchange underpins various cognitive functions, including memory processes. The role of neurotransmitters in memory is multifaceted, influencing the encoding, consolidation, and retrieval of memories through their action on different neural circuits.
 Glutamate and Synaptic Plasticity
Glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter, is critical for...
Understanding Memory01:19

Understanding Memory

Memory is the retention of information or experiences over time, facilitated through three main processes: encoding, storage, and retrieval. Encoding is the process of inputting information into the memory system. For instance, when listening to a lecture, watching a play, reading a book, or having a conversation, the brain is actively encoding information. This initial stage involves transforming sensory input into a form that can be processed and stored by the brain. Various factors, such as...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Continuous flash suppression responses in mouse visual cortex: Stimulus laterality and anesthesia effects.

iScience·2026
Same author

Could we perceive the world differently than we do? Neuroscience-based emergentism and the biological function of consciousness.

Consciousness and cognition·2026
Same author

When knowledge interferes with perception: Neural mechanisms of the semantic amplification of visual false memory.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Integrated information and predictive processing theories of consciousness: An adversarial collaborative review.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2026
Same author

White-matter connectivity shapes visual and semantic representations in the aging brain.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Perceptual and conceptual influences on memory judgments.

Communications psychology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Assessment of Memory Function in Pilocarpine-induced Epileptic Mice
13:34

Assessment of Memory Function in Pilocarpine-induced Epileptic Mice

Published on: June 4, 2020

The hippocampus is coupled with the default network during memory retrieval but not during memory encoding.

Willem Huijbers1, Cyriel M A Pennartz, Roberto Cabeza

  • 1Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Plos One
|April 16, 2011
PubMed
Summary

The brain's default mode network (DMN) is activated during memory retrieval but deactivated during memory encoding. Hippocampal coupling with the DMN during retrieval supports its role in memory processing.

More Related Videos

Combined Mechanical and Enzymatic Dissociation of Mouse Brain Hippocampal Tissue
07:14

Combined Mechanical and Enzymatic Dissociation of Mouse Brain Hippocampal Tissue

Published on: October 21, 2021

Investigating Long-term Synaptic Plasticity in Interlamellar Hippocampus CA1 by Electrophysiological Field Recording
14:27

Investigating Long-term Synaptic Plasticity in Interlamellar Hippocampus CA1 by Electrophysiological Field Recording

Published on: August 11, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Assessment of Memory Function in Pilocarpine-induced Epileptic Mice
13:34

Assessment of Memory Function in Pilocarpine-induced Epileptic Mice

Published on: June 4, 2020

Combined Mechanical and Enzymatic Dissociation of Mouse Brain Hippocampal Tissue
07:14

Combined Mechanical and Enzymatic Dissociation of Mouse Brain Hippocampal Tissue

Published on: October 21, 2021

Investigating Long-term Synaptic Plasticity in Interlamellar Hippocampus CA1 by Electrophysiological Field Recording
14:27

Investigating Long-term Synaptic Plasticity in Interlamellar Hippocampus CA1 by Electrophysiological Field Recording

Published on: August 11, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • The default mode network (DMN) is a network of brain regions showing high coherence during rest and internally-oriented tasks.
  • The precise functional role of the DMN, particularly in memory processes, remains incompletely understood.
  • Previous research indicates opposing DMN activity during memory retrieval (activation) versus encoding (deactivation).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional role of the DMN in memory encoding and retrieval.
  • To test hypotheses regarding attentional orienting and hippocampal-DMN coupling in relation to DMN activity patterns.
  • To clarify the neural correlates of memory retrieval and encoding by examining DMN and hippocampal interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed.
  • Resting-state coherence analysis was combined with a memory task.
  • The task involved encoding and retrieval of both internally-generated and externally-presented events.

Main Results:

  • Core DMN regions showed activation during memory retrieval and deactivation during memory encoding.
  • This pattern of DMN activity was independent of whether memory events were internally or externally generated.
  • The hippocampus exhibited coupling with the DMN during retrieval but not during encoding, aligning with the hippocampal coupling hypothesis.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support the hypothesis that hippocampal-DMN coupling is associated with memory retrieval.
  • The study clarifies the distinct roles of the DMN in memory retrieval versus encoding.
  • The results contribute to a better understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying memory processing.