Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Heterogeneous Catalysis01:22

Heterogeneous Catalysis

Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...
Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
Catalysis01:27

Catalysis

Catalysis influences the rate of chemical reactions by providing an alternative reaction pathway with lower activation energy. A catalyst speeds up a reaction, but it is not consumed during the process. The fundamental principle of catalysis is the ability of a catalyst to alter the reaction mechanism, often introducing a more efficient pathway than the uncatalyzed process.In a catalyzed reaction, the catalyst participates directly in the reaction mechanism. It interacts with reactants to form...
Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation02:47

Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation

Introduction
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
Carbocations02:10

Carbocations

Carbocations are one of the reaction intermediates formed during several nucleophilic substitutions or elimination reactions. A carbocation is an electron-deficient species with the central carbon atom having six electrons and three bonded atoms. The central carbon in a carbocation is sp2 hybridized with trigonal planar geometry. It has an empty p orbital perpendicular to the plane of the structure that can accept electrons. Thus, carbocations act as strong electrophiles and may react with any...
Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:24

Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Patients' experiences while undergoing high-intensity gait training during inpatient stroke rehabilitation: a qualitative study.

BMC health services research·2026
Same author

Commentary on Sibley et al.

Physiotherapy Canada. Physiotherapie Canada·2026
Same author

Anthropogenic noise impacts territorial defense in a non-urban songbird.

Behavioural processes·2026
Same author

Catalyst-Free Photoinduced Deaminative Functionalization of Amino Acids and Glutarimide Precursors.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Engaging Tertiary Benzylic Radicals in Metallaphotoredox Catalysis: A Modular Approach to Access Diaryl Quaternary Centers.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2025
Same author

Rh(III)-Catalyzed Alkene <i>Anti</i> Nucleoamidation to Access Diverse Heterocycles.

ACS catalysis·2025
Same journal

Chemoselectivity and stereoselectivity have been key factors in the development of fine organic synthesis. Introduction.

Topics in current chemistry·2016
Same journal

Hypervalent Iodine-Induced Oxidative Couplings (New Metal-Free Coupling Advances and Their Applications in Natural Product Syntheses).

Topics in current chemistry·2016
Same journal

Halogen Bonding in Hypervalent Iodine Compounds.

Topics in current chemistry·2016
Same journal

Phenol Dearomatization with Hypervalent Iodine Reagents.

Topics in current chemistry·2016
Same journal

Preface.

Topics in current chemistry·2016
Same journal

Preface: solar energy for fuels.

Topics in current chemistry·2016
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Preparation and Use of Carbonyl-decorated Carbenes in the Activation of White Phosphorus
14:07

Preparation and Use of Carbonyl-decorated Carbenes in the Activation of White Phosphorus

Published on: October 3, 2014

Carbene catalysts.

Jennifer L Moore, Tomislav Rovis

    Topics in Current Chemistry
    |April 16, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    N-heterocyclic carbenes are increasingly used as catalysts in organic chemistry. This review covers their development, properties, and recent applications in catalysis.

    More Related Videos

    Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
    10:44

    Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals

    Published on: April 19, 2019

    Reverse Microemulsion-mediated Synthesis of Monometallic and Bimetallic Early Transition Metal Carbide and Nitride Nanoparticles
    07:47

    Reverse Microemulsion-mediated Synthesis of Monometallic and Bimetallic Early Transition Metal Carbide and Nitride Nanoparticles

    Published on: November 27, 2015

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

    Preparation and Use of Carbonyl-decorated Carbenes in the Activation of White Phosphorus
    14:07

    Preparation and Use of Carbonyl-decorated Carbenes in the Activation of White Phosphorus

    Published on: October 3, 2014

    Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
    10:44

    Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals

    Published on: April 19, 2019

    Reverse Microemulsion-mediated Synthesis of Monometallic and Bimetallic Early Transition Metal Carbide and Nitride Nanoparticles
    07:47

    Reverse Microemulsion-mediated Synthesis of Monometallic and Bimetallic Early Transition Metal Carbide and Nitride Nanoparticles

    Published on: November 27, 2015

    Area of Science:

    • Organic Chemistry
    • Catalysis

    Background:

    • N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have gained prominence in catalysis over the last decade.
    • Understanding their development and nucleophilic properties is crucial for their application.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review advancements in N-heterocyclic carbene catalyst development.
    • To highlight new reactions and applications of NHCs in organic transformations.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of recent advancements in NHC catalysis.
    • Discussion of catalyst properties and reactivity.

    Main Results:

    • NHCs are versatile catalysts for a range of organic reactions.
    • Recent developments have expanded the scope of NHC-catalyzed transformations.

    Conclusions:

    • N-heterocyclic carbenes are powerful tools in modern organic synthesis.
    • Continued research promises further innovation in NHC catalysis.