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Related Concept Videos

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen and...
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Healing II: Complications01:24

Healing II: Complications

Complications during healing arise when tissue repair is altered by local or systemic factors. These changes involve abnormal collagen deposition, altered biomechanics, and reduced vascular supply, impairing restoration of normal structure and function.Loss of FunctionScar tissue differs significantly from the original tissue it replaces. In the skin, fibrosis lacks adnexal structures such as hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands. Their absence reduces tactile sensitivity, impairs...
Reticular Dermis01:15

Reticular Dermis

The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
Reticular Layer
Underlying the papillary layer is the much thicker reticular layer, composed of dense, irregular connective...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...

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Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
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Forensics in dermatology: part II.

Kalpana Reddy1, Eve J Lowenstein

  • 1The State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, Brooklyn, New York, USA.

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
|April 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Forensic pathology relies on skin, hair, and nail evaluations to identify various injuries. Dermatologic findings are crucial for determining the cause and manner of death in forensic investigations.

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic pathology
  • Dermatology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Skin findings are critical in identifying diverse injury types.
  • Causes of injury range from self-inflicted harm to homicide and bioterrorism.
  • Forensic analysis extends to hair and nail examinations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significance of dermatologic findings in forensic pathology.
  • To provide an overview of cutaneous manifestations of injury.
  • To underscore the role of skin, hair, and nail analysis in forensic investigations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of dermatologic literature relevant to forensic pathology.
  • Analysis of case studies involving cutaneous injuries.
  • Correlation of skin findings with specific causes of death or injury.

Main Results:

  • Skin findings provide vital clues to the nature and cause of injuries.
  • Specific patterns of skin injury can indicate abuse, assault, or self-inflicted harm.
  • Hair and nail analysis offers supplementary forensic evidence.

Conclusions:

  • Dermatologic evaluation is indispensable in forensic casework.
  • Cutaneous manifestations are key indicators in determining injury mechanisms.
  • Comprehensive forensic analysis includes examination of skin, hair, and nails.