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Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...

Pericarditis I: Introduction

Pericarditis I: Introduction

Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...

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Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease

Published on: June 16, 2020

[Recurrent pericarditis revealing a systemic sarcoidosis].

A-I Bocoum¹, A Daumas, S Cammilleri

¹Service de Médecine Interne, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Hôpital Nord, Chemin des Bourrely, 13915 Marseille cedex 15, France.

La Revue De Medecine Interne

|April 19, 2011

Summary

Sarcoidosis, a rare systemic disease, can manifest initially as recurrent pericarditis and peritoneal involvement. Early diagnosis through histopathology is crucial for effective corticosteroid treatment and favorable outcomes.

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Sterile Pericarditis in Aachener Minipigs As a Model for Atrial Myopathy and Atrial Fibrillation

Sterile Pericarditis in Aachener Minipigs As a Model for Atrial Myopathy and Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: September 24, 2021

Area of Science:

Internal Medicine
Cardiology
Pulmonology

Background:

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown etiology, typically affecting the lungs and mediastinum.
Pericardial and peritoneal involvement are uncommon but can be the initial clinical presentation.

Observation:

A 55-year-old female presented with recurrent idiopathic pericarditis.
Subsequent development of mediastinal lymphadenopathy and pulmonary nodules prompted further investigation.
(18)F-FDG PET/CT revealed hypermetabolic foci in the mediastinum and peritoneum, initially suggesting malignancy.

Findings:

Histopathological examination of peritoneal nodules confirmed sarcoidosis.
Corticosteroid therapy resulted in a favorable disease course.

Implications:

This case underscores the importance of considering sarcoidosis in patients with unexplained recurrent pericarditis and systemic symptoms.
Diagnostic procedures, including biopsy, are essential for confirming sarcoidosis and guiding treatment.
Recognizing rare presentations of sarcoidosis can prevent misdiagnosis and ensure timely management.