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Related Concept Videos

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling01:27

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene π orbitals.
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are slanted or...
Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy01:16

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...
¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling

The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

Enhanced coherence of weakly coupled lasers.

M Nixon1, M Fridman, A A Friesem

  • 1Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, P.O. Box 26, Rehovot 76100, Israel. michan@weizmann.ac.il

Optics Letters
|April 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Coherent laser dynamics were enhanced by considering phase and amplitude coupling effects. This led to a 90% fringe visibility interference pattern, even with weak laser coupling.

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Differential Imaging of Biological Structures with Doubly-resonant Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Scattering (CARS)
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Differential Imaging of Biological Structures with Doubly-resonant Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Scattering (CARS)

Published on: October 17, 2010

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

Differential Imaging of Biological Structures with Doubly-resonant Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Scattering (CARS)
12:56

Differential Imaging of Biological Structures with Doubly-resonant Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Scattering (CARS)

Published on: October 17, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Laser Physics
  • Quantum Optics
  • Nonlinear Dynamics

Background:

  • Understanding coherence and phase-locking in coupled laser systems is crucial for various optical applications.
  • Weakly coupled lasers often exhibit complex dynamics that challenge traditional phase-locking theories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the phase-locking and coherence properties of two weakly coupled lasers.
  • To demonstrate a method for enhancing the degree of coherence between these lasers.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of phase-locking and coherence properties in a system of two weakly coupled lasers.
  • Incorporation of coupling effects on both laser phases and amplitudes.
  • Examination of synchronized spike correlations in amplitude and phase dynamics.

Main Results:

  • The degree of coherence was enhanced by nearly one order of magnitude.
  • A high fringe visibility of 90% was achieved in the interference pattern.
  • Significant coherence enhancement was observed even when coupling strength was below the critical value for phase locking.

Conclusions:

  • Correlations between synchronized amplitude and phase dynamics are key to enhancing laser coherence.
  • This approach offers a pathway to high-visibility interference in weakly coupled laser systems.
  • The findings have implications for improving laser-based metrology and sensing.