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A method for evaluating head-controlled computer input devices using Fitts' law.

R G Radwin1, G C Vanderheiden, M L Lin

  • 1Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.

Human Factors
|August 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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This study compared mouse and head-controlled pointer performance in discrete movement tasks. Head-controlled pointers showed longer movement times but offered insights into assistive technology for individuals with cerebral palsy.

Area of Science:

  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Rehabilitation Engineering
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Evaluating computer input devices is crucial for user performance and accessibility.
  • Head-controlled pointing devices offer an alternative for individuals with motor impairments.
  • Understanding movement characteristics is key to optimizing human-computer interaction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the performance of a conventional mouse with a head-controlled pointer in a discrete movement task.
  • To analyze movement time, path distance, and cursor deviation across different target sizes and directions.
  • To assess the utility of the methodology for evaluating assistive technology in individuals with cerebral palsy.

Main Methods:

  • A discrete movement task involving moving a cursor to circular targets of varying sizes (2.7-24.2 mm) and distances (24.4-110.9 mm) in eight radial directions.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Performance metrics included movement time, cursor path distance, and root-mean-square cursor deviation.
  • Ten neurologically intact subjects used a conventional mouse and an ultrasonic head-controlled pointer; two subjects with cerebral palsy were also evaluated.

    • Main Results:

    • Head-controlled pointer use resulted in significantly longer movement times (average 306 ms, 63% increase) compared to the mouse.
    • Movement time varied with direction for the head-controlled pointer, being fastest at 90 and 270 degrees (head extension/flexion).
    • Average path distance and cursor deviation were minimized at cardinal directions (0, 90, 180, 270 degrees).

    Conclusions:

    • The head-controlled pointer is less efficient than a mouse for discrete movements but shows direction-dependent performance.
    • The evaluation methodology effectively captured performance differences and is suitable for assessing assistive devices.
    • Subtle performance improvements were observed in a disabled subject with the addition of lateral torso support, highlighting the potential of adaptive interfaces.