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Determination of Crystal Structures

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In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...

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An Integrated System to Remotely Trigger Intracellular Signal Transduction by Upconversion Nanoparticle-mediated Kinase Photoactivation

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PbSe nanocrystal-based infrared-to-visible up-conversion device.

Do Young Kim¹, Kaushik Roy Choudhury, Jae Woong Lee

¹Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611-6400, United States.

|April 21, 2011

Summary

Researchers developed low-cost hybrid up-conversion devices using lead-selenium (PbSe) nanocrystals. These devices convert infrared light to visible light, potentially enhancing night vision capabilities.

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Area of Science:

Optoelectronics
Materials Science
Nanotechnology

Background:

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are crucial for displays and lighting.
Up-conversion technology converts lower energy photons to higher energy photons.
Extending infrared sensitivity is key for advanced imaging applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To create low-cost hybrid up-conversion devices with enhanced infrared sensitivity.
To integrate near-infrared (NIR) sensitizing layers with phosphorescent OLEDs.
To explore potential applications in night vision technology.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of hybrid devices by integrating colloidal lead-selenium (PbSe) nanocrystal NIR sensitizing layers onto green phosphorescent OLEDs.
Incorporation of a zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystal hole blocking layer to control device operation.
Characterization of device performance under infrared (IR) excitation.

Main Results:

Achieved hybrid up-conversion devices sensitive to infrared wavelengths up to 1.5 μm.
Demonstrated a maximum photon-to-photon conversion efficiency of 1.3% for 1.3 μm to 0.52 μm conversion.
The ZnO layer effectively kept the device off without IR excitation.

Conclusions:

The developed hybrid up-conversion devices offer a low-cost solution for converting extended NIR wavelengths to visible light.
The enhanced NIR sensitivity up to 1.5 μm presents a promising pathway for improving night vision systems.
Integration of PbSe nanocrystals and ZnO layers provides effective control and performance in up-conversion devices.