Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 2, 2026
07:50
Assay Development for High-Throughput Drug Screening Against Mycobacteria
Published on: October 25, 2024
Sitafloxacin: in bacterial infections
1Adis, a Wolters Kluwer Business, Auckland, New Zealand. demail@adis.co.nz
Drugs
|April 21, 2011
Summary
Sitafloxacin, a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic, demonstrates efficacy in treating various bacterial infections. Clinical trials confirm its noninferiority to other antibiotics for pneumonia and urinary tract infections, with manageable side effects.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Trials
Background:
- Sitafloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic with broad-spectrum activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, anaerobic, and atypical pathogens.
- It is approved in Japan for treating numerous bacterial infections caused by susceptible strains.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of sitafloxacin in treating various bacterial infections.
- To compare sitafloxacin with other antibiotics like levofloxacin and tosufloxacin in randomized controlled trials.
Main Methods:
- Randomized, double-blind, multicentre, noninferiority trials were conducted to compare oral sitafloxacin with levofloxacin and tosufloxacin.
- Noncomparative studies assessed sitafloxacin's efficacy in specific infections like respiratory tract, urinary tract, and sexually transmitted infections.
Main Results:
- Oral sitafloxacin was found to be noninferior to oral levofloxacin for community-acquired pneumonia and complicated urinary tract infections.
- It was also noninferior to tosufloxacin for community-acquired pneumonia.
- Studies showed efficacy in otorhinolaryngological, odontogenic, and C. trachomatis-associated infections.
Conclusions:
- Sitafloxacin is a clinically effective treatment option for a range of bacterial infections, including respiratory, urinary tract, and specific gynecological and odontogenic infections.
- The most common adverse reactions were gastrointestinal disorders and laboratory abnormalities, generally of mild to moderate severity.
Related Concept Videos
01:28Inhibitors of Bacterial DNA Synthesis
Bacterial pathogens depend on precise and efficient DNA replication to sustain infection. Two type II topoisomerases—DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV—are critical to this process, as they resolve DNA supercoiling and unlink chromosomes during replication. Fluoroquinolones, synthetic derivatives of quinolones, exploit this mechanism by stabilizing the transient DNA–enzyme cleavage complex, preventing strand religation, and causing lethal double-strand breaks. These antibiotics are selectively...
01:30Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
01:27Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism
Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...
Such synergistic combinations...
01:26Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test
A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...
01:25Inhibitors of Bacterial Protein Synthesis
Aminoglycosides constitute a highly potent class of bactericidal antibiotics that exert their antimicrobial effects by targeting the bacterial ribosome, specifically disrupting protein synthesis. These polycationic molecules consist of amino-modified sugars linked via glycosidic bonds to an aminocyclitol core such as 2-deoxystreptamine or streptamine. Their strong positive charges facilitate tight binding to the negatively charged phosphate backbone of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), primarily at the 16S...
01:26Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) impact various parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These infections are generally bacterial, with Escherichia coli being the most common causative agent, often originating from the gastrointestinal tract. However, other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, are also known to cause UTIs. The type, location, and underlying complexity of the UTI guide both...