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The Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire: a factor analytic study.

Susan Garthus-Niegel1, Hege Therese Størksen, Leila Torgersen

  • 1Health Services Research Centre, Akershus University Hospital , Lørenskog, Norway. susanniegel@gmail.com

Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynaecology
|April 22, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fear of childbirth (FOC) is a significant women's health concern. The Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ) reveals a multidimensional structure, identifying six key factors beyond a single FOC measure.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Obstetrics
  • Women's Health

Background:

  • Fear of childbirth (FOC) is a critical issue impacting maternal well-being.
  • The Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ) is the primary tool for assessing FOC.
  • The W-DEQ is intended as a unidimensional scale, but its factor structure requires validation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the underlying factor structure of the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ) version A.
  • To determine if the W-DEQ measures multiple dimensions of fear of childbirth.
  • To refine the W-DEQ for improved accuracy in assessing FOC.

Main Methods:

  • Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were employed.
  • 1642 pregnant women completed the W-DEQ in their third trimester.
  • Psychometric properties were assessed through correlation with relevant variables.

Main Results:

  • A multidimensional structure of the W-DEQ was confirmed.
  • Six distinct factors were identified: 'Fear', 'Negative appraisal', 'Loneliness', 'Lack of self-efficacy', 'Lack of positive anticipation', and 'Concerns for the child'.
  • A refined 25-item version demonstrated adequate psychometric properties, with the 'Fear' factor showing strong correlations with overall scores and outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • The W-DEQ possesses a multidimensional structure, offering a more nuanced understanding of FOC.
  • The identified factors provide specific insights into different aspects of childbirth fear.
  • The 'Fear' subfactor may serve as an effective proxy for the complete W-DEQ measure.