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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System01:20

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra. Symptoms...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
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Cancer Survival Analysis01:21

Cancer Survival Analysis

Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Phosphopeptide Enrichment Coupled with Label-free Quantitative Mass Spectrometry to Investigate the Phosphoproteome in Prostate Cancer
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Dramatic increase in prostate cancer cases by 2021.

Harvey Quon1, Andrew Loblaw, Robert Nam

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, ONT, Canada.

BJU International
|April 22, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Prostate cancer cases in Canada are projected to triple by 2021 due to an aging population and lower prostate-specific antigen (PSA) thresholds for biopsies. This significant increase necessitates proactive healthcare planning to manage the growing number of diagnoses.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Prostate cancer incidence estimates traditionally rely on demographic shifts and historical data.
  • This study incorporates evolving screening practices and diagnostic criteria, offering a more comprehensive projection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To forecast the projected increase in new prostate cancer diagnoses in Canada by 2021.
  • To quantify the impact of key factors influencing prostate cancer detection rates.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Canadian population data and cancer statistics to estimate new prostate cancer cases for 2021.
  • Modeled the influence of four primary factors: population aging, increased PSA screening prevalence, reduced PSA biopsy thresholds, and enhanced biopsy sensitivity.

Main Results:

  • An aging population is projected to increase cases by 39%, while lowering the PSA threshold to 2.6 ng/mL could drive a 200% rise.
  • In a best-case scenario (aging population only), new cases would reach 35,121.
  • The most likely scenario, incorporating all four factors, predicts a 201% increase to 76,379 new cases by 2021.

Conclusions:

  • The aging demographic and a lower PSA threshold for biopsies are the most significant drivers of increased prostate cancer diagnoses.
  • The number of new prostate cancer cases in Canada is estimated to potentially triple by 2021, reaching 76,379.
  • Substantial healthcare planning is crucial to address the anticipated surge in prostate cancer cases and manage patient care effectively.