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Related Concept Videos

Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
Diverticular Disease of the Colon01:27

Diverticular Disease of the Colon

Diverticular disease involves the formation of diverticula—small sac-like outpouchings of the colonic wall—and their complications. It most commonly affects the sigmoid colon due to higher intraluminal pressure and structural vulnerability. It results from structural weakness and increased pressure in the colon, producing pseudodiverticula that may remain silent or progress to inflammation and serious complications.Structure of DiverticulaIn diverticulosis, these outpouchings are...
Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by transmural...

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Murine Appendectomy Model of Chronic Colitis Associated Colorectal Cancer by Precise Localization of Caecal Patch
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Appendicitis, diverticulitis, and colitis.

Amanda E Horn1, Jacob W Ufberg

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA. aehorn@temple.edu

Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America
|April 26, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This article outlines emergency department (ED) approaches for diagnosing and managing appendicitis, diverticulitis, and colitis. It addresses the diagnostic challenges of appendicitis and provides strategies for the other common gastrointestinal conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Appendicitis, diverticulitis, and colitis are frequent reasons for emergency department visits.
  • Diagnosing appendicitis can be challenging, with evolving management strategies.
  • Diverticulitis diagnosis is more direct, with treatment varying by severity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail an emergency department-based approach for diagnosing and managing appendicitis, diverticulitis, and colitis.
  • To address the diagnostic complexities of appendicitis.
  • To guide treatment and hospitalization decisions for diverticulitis and colitis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic and management strategies for common gastrointestinal conditions in the ED.
  • Focus on an ED-based clinical approach.
  • Consideration of differential diagnoses for colitis, including inflammatory bowel disease, ischemia, and infection.

Main Results:

  • Appendicitis diagnosis remains a challenge in the ED.
  • Diverticulitis management is guided by disease severity.
  • Colitis has diverse etiologies requiring specific diagnostic considerations.

Conclusions:

  • An organized ED approach is crucial for effectively managing appendicitis, diverticulitis, and colitis.
  • Timely and accurate diagnosis impacts patient outcomes.
  • Understanding the nuances of each condition improves emergency care.