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Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization
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Published on: April 19, 2017

Sex differences in semantic categorization.

Vickie Pasterski1, Karolina Zwierzynska, Zachary Estes

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Box 116, Level 8, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK. vp265@cam.ac.uk

Archives of Sexual Behavior
|April 26, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Men and women exhibit distinct semantic categorization styles. While confidence levels were similar, men favored inclusive artifact judgments and exclusive natural category judgments, unlike women who showed more vague judgments across categories.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Established sex differences exist in cognitive abilities, particularly semantic processing.
  • No prior research has explored sex differences in semantic categorization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate potential sex differences in how individuals categorize objects.
  • To determine if men and women categorize natural and artifactual items differently.

Main Methods:

  • 55 men and 58 women judged 50 object exemplars (25 natural, 25 artifact) as nonmember, partial member, or full member.
  • Participants also rated their confidence in each categorization decision.

Main Results:

  • Women made more vague (partial member) judgments overall (Cohen's d = .56).
  • Men exhibited more inclusive judgments for artifacts and more exclusive judgments for natural categories.
  • Confidence positively correlated with categorization clarity for both sexes, but did not explain the observed sex differences.

Conclusions:

  • Men and women demonstrate systematically different approaches to semantic categorization.
  • These findings suggest underlying sex-based variations in conceptual representation and object categorization.