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Related Experiment Video

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Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

Quantum equilibration under constraints and transport balance.

Gernot Schaller¹

¹Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstrasse 36, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. gernot.schaller@tu-berlin.de

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|April 27, 2011

Summary

Quantum systems coupled to thermal baths can reach equilibrium. This study generalizes this to systems with conserved quantities, showing equilibration of temperature and chemical potential, and enabling the creation of nonthermal states.

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Area of Science:

Quantum mechanics
Statistical mechanics
Open quantum systems

Background:

Open quantum systems coupled to thermal baths typically reach a thermal Gibbs state.
Standard approximations include Born, Markov, and secular approximations.

Purpose of the Study:

Generalize thermal equilibration to systems with conserved quantities.
Investigate equilibration under multiple baths with varying temperatures and chemical potentials.
Explore the generation of nonthermal states.

Main Methods:

Theoretical analysis of open quantum systems.
Extension of standard Born-Markov-secular approximations.
Mathematical modeling of systems coupled to multiple thermal baths.

Main Results:

Systems with conserved quantities equilibrate both temperature and chemical potential.
Coupling to multiple baths can lead to equilibration towards a single, potentially nonthermal, average bath.
Nonthermal states can be generated by exploiting these multi-bath couplings.
Special cases allow for equilibration described by a unique Boltzmann factor.

Conclusions:

The study provides a generalized framework for understanding equilibration in open quantum systems.
Demonstrates the potential for engineering specific nonthermal states.
Highlights the role of conserved quantities and multi-bath interactions in determining system dynamics.