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Cancer in native populations--lessons to be learned
1Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263.
Summary
Native Americans show lower cancer incidence but higher cervical cancer risk. Mortality is increasing for lung, colon, and cervical cancers, necessitating urgent screening and education programs.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Cancer incidence rates in Native Americans are generally lower than the general population, but patterns are changing.
- Understanding these shifts is crucial for developing targeted cancer control programs.
- Previous studies indicate potential disparities in cancer occurrence and outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze current cancer incidence, mortality, and survival patterns in Native Americans.
- To identify emerging trends in cancer occurrence and outcomes within this demographic.
- To provide evidence supporting the need for enhanced cancer education and screening.
Main Methods:
- A meta-analytic literature review of cancer incidence in Native Americans.
- An investigation of cancer mortality patterns over 30 years in a specific tribal group.
- A review of cancer survival statistics for Native American populations.
Main Results:
- Meta-analysis confirmed significantly lower overall cancer incidence in Native males and females.
- Native females showed an elevated risk for cervical cancer.
- Mortality data revealed increasing trends for lung, colon/rectum, and cervical cancers, with poorer survival rates across most cancer sites.
Conclusions:
- Despite lower overall incidence, specific cancer types show increasing mortality in Native Americans.
- Poorer cancer survival rates highlight significant health disparities.
- Immediate implementation of effective cancer education and screening programs is critical for Native American communities.
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