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Related Concept Videos

Physical Properties of Amines01:26

Physical Properties of Amines

Amines with low molecular weight are usually gaseous at room temperature, while those with high molecular weight are liquid or solids in nature. Usually, low molecular weight amines have a rotten fish-like smell. Diamines typically have a pungent smell. For instance, cadaverine and putrescine, depicted in Figure 1, are two molecules responsible for decaying tissue.
Nomenclature of Primary Amines01:17

Nomenclature of Primary Amines

Primary, secondary, and tertiary amines are compounds consisting of one, two, and three alkyl groups connected to the amino group (–NH2), respectively. As depicted in Figure 1, the common name of the primary amines is obtained by adding the suffix -amine to the alkyl substituent attached to the amino group as the corresponding alkylamine.
Aldehydes and Ketones with Amines: Enamine Formation Mechanism01:14

Aldehydes and Ketones with Amines: Enamine Formation Mechanism

Enamine formation involves the addition of carbonyl compounds to a secondary amine through a series of reactions. The mechanism begins with the generation of carbinolamine, a nucleophilic attack followed by several proton transfer reactions. The hydroxyl group of the carbinolamine is converted into water to make a better leaving group that can push the reaction forward by eliminating a water molecule. In enamine formation, the last step involves the abstraction of a proton from the α carbon to...
2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO201:20

2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO2

Secondary amines react with nitrous acid to form N-nitrosamines, as depicted in Figure 1. Nitrous acid, a weak and unstable acid, is formed in situ from an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite and strong acids, such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, in cold conditions. In the presence of an acid, the nitrous acid gets protonated. The subsequent loss of water results in the formation of the electrophile known as nitrosonium ion.
Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H01:19

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H

Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
Aldehydes and Ketones with Amines: Imine and Enamine Formation Overview01:16

Aldehydes and Ketones with Amines: Imine and Enamine Formation Overview

Primary amines react with carbonyl compounds—aldehydes and ketones—to generate imines. Imines consist of a C=N double bond and are named Schiff bases after its discoverer—the German chemist Hugo Schiff. On the other hand, secondary amines react with carbonyl compounds to give enamines. In enamines, the presence of a C=C double bond adjacent to the nitrogen atom leads to the delocalization of the lone pair.

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Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of (<i>E</i>)-<i>N</i>'-[4-(piperidin-1-yl)benzyl-idene]aryl-sulfono-hydrazides.

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Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of (<i>E</i>)-<i>N</i>'-benzyl-idene-4-chloro-benzene-sulfono-hydrazide and of its (<i>E</i>)-4-chloro-<i>N</i>'-(<i>ortho</i>- and <i>para</i>-methyl-benzyl-idene)benzene-sulfono-hydrazide derivatives.

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Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly
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Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly

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N,N'-Diphenyl-but-2-enediamide.

B Thimme Gowda, Sabine Foro, K Shakuntala

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |April 28, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study details the molecular structure of a novel organic compound, C(16)H(14)N(2)O(2). It reveals specific bond conformations and intermolecular hydrogen bonding critical for crystal lattice formation.

    Area of Science:

    • Crystallography
    • Organic Chemistry
    • Molecular Structure Analysis

    Background:

    • Understanding molecular conformation and intermolecular interactions is crucial in crystal engineering.
    • The specific arrangement of functional groups dictates the macroscopic properties of crystalline solids.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the detailed molecular structure and hydrogen bonding patterns of the title compound, C(16)H(14)N(2)O(2).
    • To investigate the conformational preferences of key bonds and the arrangement of phenyl rings within the molecule.
    • To characterize the intermolecular interactions responsible for crystal packing.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the three-dimensional structure.
    • Analysis of bond lengths, bond angles, and dihedral angles provided conformational insights.

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    An Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Peptoids with Mixed Lysine-type/Arginine-type Monomers and Evaluation of Their Anti-leishmanial Activity
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    An Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Peptoids with Mixed Lysine-type/Arginine-type Monomers and Evaluation of Their Anti-leishmanial Activity

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  • Identification and analysis of intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds.

    • Main Results:

    • The compound C(16)H(14)N(2)O(2) exhibits anti conformations for N-H and C=O bonds within the central segment.
    • The two carbonyl (C=O) bonds are also oriented anti to each other.
    • An intramolecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bond was observed, alongside intermolecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonding forming infinite chains along the a axis.
    • The phenyl rings display an inter-planar angle of 41.2(1)°.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides a precise structural characterization of C(16)H(14)N(2)O(2).
    • The observed hydrogen bonding network significantly influences the crystal packing, leading to the formation of extended chains.
    • These findings contribute to the understanding of structure-property relationships in organic crystalline materials.