Elastography for hepatic fibrosis severity in chronic hepatitis B or C

To assess the value of transient elastography for predicting significant fibrosis or cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis B or C (CHB or CHC) patients.

75 patients (CHB: 45, CHC: 32) were included. All underwent elastography and liver biopsy concurrently. Biopsies were evaluated using Ishak's classification. Fibrosis was mild, moderate or severe/cirrhosis when scores were 0-1 (n = 30), 2-3 (n = 20), 4-6 (n = 25), respectively.

Median liver stiffness values were higher in patients with severe fibrosis or cirrhosis than in those with moderate or mild fibrosis (14.8 vs. 6.4 vs. 5.3 kPa, p < 0.001). The diagnostic accuracy of elastography for severe fibrosis and cirrhosis was excellent [area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve 0.938 vs. 0.948], but it was not optimal for mild fibrosis (AUROC 0.78). Values of 7.5, 9.0 and 12 kPa had a sensitivity and specificity for severe fibrosis/cirrhosis of 96, 84 and 60%, and 76, 90 and 94%, respectively. The median stiffness value in cirrhotic patients (score 5-6) was 16.6 kPa (7.7-48). No differences in accuracy of elastography between CHB or CHC patients were found. Cutoff was 12.5 kPa for cirrhosis; 10/75 patients (13%) were misclassified.

Transient elastography has an excellent diagnostic accuracy for severe fibrosis and cirrhosis in CHB and CHC, but the cutoffs need further evaluation.