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Disorders of Leukocytes

Disorders of Leukocytes

Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune system...

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy the...

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Flow Cytometry to Estimate Leukemia Stem Cells in Primary Acute Myeloid Leukemia and in Patient-derived-xenografts, at Diagnosis and Follow Up

Flow Cytometry to Estimate Leukemia Stem Cells in Primary Acute Myeloid Leukemia and in Patient-derived-xenografts, at Diagnosis and Follow Up

Published on: March 26, 2018

Acute leukemia.

International Journal of Oncology

|April 30, 2011

Summary

Understanding leukemia biology, including cell cycle, DNA repair, and apoptosis, is crucial for developing targeted therapies. Exploiting molecular targets can overcome drug resistance and improve cures for acute leukemias.

Area of Science:

Hematology
Cancer Biology
Molecular Oncology

Background:

Acute leukemias remain a significant clinical challenge with limited curative options for most adult patients.
A deeper understanding of leukemia biology at clinical, cellular, and molecular levels is essential for therapeutic advancement.
Targeting leukemia-associated molecular mechanisms is key to eradicating the leukemic clone.

Purpose of the Study:

To review key mechanisms of leukemogenesis and their role as molecular targets for therapy.
To explore hematopoietic cell cycle regulation, DNA damage/repair, apoptosis, and multidrug resistance in normal and leukemic cells.
To identify strategies for overcoming treatment resistance and enhancing leukemia curability.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on leukemogenesis and molecular targets.

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Published on: March 5, 2018

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Flow Cytometry to Estimate Leukemia Stem Cells in Primary Acute Myeloid Leukemia and in Patient-derived-xenografts, at Diagnosis and Follow Up

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Published on: March 26, 2018

Intracellular Phosphoflow Cytometry of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patient-Derived Xenotransplants

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Comprehensive Protocol to Sample and Process Bone Marrow for Measuring Measurable Residual Disease and Leukemic Stem Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Comprehensive Protocol to Sample and Process Bone Marrow for Measuring Measurable Residual Disease and Leukemic Stem Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Published on: March 5, 2018

Focus on cell cycle regulation, DNA damage and repair pathways.

Analysis of apoptosis, drug responsiveness, and multidrug resistance mechanisms.

Main Results:

Leukemogenesis involves convergent pathways offering pivotal molecular targets.
Normal cellular mechanisms (cell cycle, DNA repair, apoptosis) are dysregulated in leukemia.
Multidrug resistance is linked to stem cell involvement and presents a therapeutic target.

Conclusions:

Dissecting molecular pathways from extracellular signals to genes is vital for understanding treatment escape.
Targeted therapies should exploit differences between normal and malignant cells.
Developing strategies to overcome drug resistance will enhance the curability of acute leukemias.