[Acute renal failure]

Acute renal failure occurs in intensive care units as part of multiple organ injuries as well as in connection with sepsis and other severe diseases. The corresponding mortality rate remains high. High age and blood pressure, vascular diseases and diabetes are its risk factors. Angiotensin convertase inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers cause a functional "nephrectomy", especially when combined with anti-inflammatory drugs in situations of fluid deficit. Acute ischemic tubular necrosis is the most common cause. Treatment involves usually correction of hemodynamic abnormalities, fluid and other supportive therapy, elimination of obstructions, and dialysis.