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A Point-of-Care Method with Integrated Decision Support Tool to Estimate Anemia at Population Level

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Snakebite mortality in India: a nationally representative mortality survey.

Bijayeeni Mohapatra¹, David A Warrell, Wilson Suraweera

¹Shri Ramachandra Bhanj Medical College, Cuttack, Orissa, India.

Plos Neglected Tropical Diseases

|May 3, 2011

Summary

India experiences a high burden of snakebite mortality, with an estimated 45,900 annual deaths. This study highlights the need for improved interventions to reduce snakebite fatalities in rural areas.

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Area of Science:

Public Health
Epidemiology
Global Health

Background:

India is widely believed to have the highest number of snakebites globally.
Previous estimates of annual snakebite mortality in India varied significantly due to inadequate reporting.

Purpose of the Study:

To directly estimate snakebite mortality in India using a national mortality survey.
To provide accurate data on the burden of snakebite deaths in India.

Main Methods:

A nationally representative mortality survey was conducted between 2001-03.
123,000 deaths across 6,671 randomly selected areas were analyzed.
Trained physicians independently coded underlying causes of death.

Main Results:

An estimated 45,900 annual snakebite deaths occurred in India (99% CI 40,900–50,900).
Snakebite mortality was predominantly in rural areas (97%), affected males more than females, and peaked in young adults (15-29 years).
Highest mortality rates were observed in Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and Bihar.

Conclusions:

Snakebite is a significant, underestimated cause of accidental death in India.
Global snakebite totals may be underestimated due to the high contribution from India.
Interventions like community education, medical staff training, and improved antivenom distribution are crucial for reducing snakebite deaths.