Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Errors occurring during blood pressure monitoring01:25

Errors occurring during blood pressure monitoring

Blood pressure monitoring is a crucial clinical procedure in diagnosing and managing various cardiovascular conditions. Despite its significance, the accuracy of blood pressure measurements can be compromised by multiple factors, potentially leading to either falsely high or low readings. These inaccuracies are critical as they can significantly impact patient care. So, it is vital to understand these challenges deeply and adopt strategic approaches to minimize errors.
Several factors...
Errors in Taping01:18

Errors in Taping

Errors in taping arise from multiple factors that can significantly impact measurement accuracy in surveying. Misalignment of the tape, often due to human error, is one primary source. A skilled rear tapeman, using a telescope, can help correct alignment by guiding the head tapeman; however, human limitations still lead to small inaccuracies. These errors may include misplacement of pins or inaccurate tape readings due to common visual confusions, such as mistaking a six for a nine. Such...
Systematic Error: Methodological and Sampling Errors01:15

Systematic Error: Methodological and Sampling Errors

In the case of systematic errors, the sources can be identified, and the errors can be subsequently minimized by addressing these sources. According to the source, systematic errors can be divided into sampling, instrumental, methodological, and personal errors.
Sampling errors originate from improper sampling methods or the wrong sample population. These errors can be minimized by refining the sampling strategy. Defective instruments or faulty calibrations are the sources of instrumental...
Types of Errors: Detection and Minimization01:12

Types of Errors: Detection and Minimization

Error is the deviation of the obtained result from the true, expected value or the estimated central value. Errors are expressed in absolute or relative terms.
Absolute error in a measurement is the numerical difference from the true or central value. Relative error is the ratio between absolute error and the true or central value, expressed as a percentage.
Errors can be classified by source, magnitude, and sign. There are three types of errors: systematic, random, and gross.
Systematic or...
Common Leveling Mistakes and Errors01:17

Common Leveling Mistakes and Errors

A survey team is tasked with determining the elevation difference between points Point A and Point B, separated by uneven terrain. They use a leveling instrument and a leveling rod.Common MistakesMisreading the Rod: During a backsight reading at Point A, the instrumentman observes the rod partially obscured by tall grass. Instead of reading 1.135 m, they mistakenly record 1.735 m due to the misalignment of the crosshair with the wrong graduation. This error adds 0.600 m to all subsequent...
Special considerations while measuring blood pressure01:28

Special considerations while measuring blood pressure

When assessing blood pressure (BP), healthcare professionals must consider various factors and potential unexpected outcomes to ensure accurate readings and provide proper patient care. Adhering to these guidelines is essential to achieving the most reliable results.
Monitoring Both Arms:
Monitoring BP in both arms during the initial assessment is advisable, as the systolic value may differ by five to ten mm Hg between arms. For subsequent BP assessments, use the arm with the higher reading.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[Sport and Glaucoma].

Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde·2017
Same author

[Correction: Value of Pressure Measurements: Methods and Sources of Errors].

Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde·2016
Same author

[Value of Pressure Measurements: Methods and Sources of Errors].

Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde·2016
Same author

[Contact lens dynamometry influences the systemic blood circulation: clinical significance].

Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde·2014
Same author

[Symptoms and therapy for steroid glaucoma].

Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde·2013
Same author

[Influence of dry eye syndrome on glaucoma diagnostic procedures].

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft·2012
Same journal

["DOG 2020 online" - for the first time in the von Graefe year].

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft·2024
Same journal

[Are organ and co-cultures an alternative to animal models in ophthalmology?]

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft·2022
Same journal

[Pediatric corneal opacities : Even small improvements provide lifelong help].

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft·2022
Same journal

[Myxoma of the conjunctiva].

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft·2022
Same journal

[Secondary open-angle glaucoma: uveitic secondary glaucoma, steroid-induced glaucoma, posttraumatic and postoperative glaucoma, tumor-related glaucoma and glaucoma due to elevated episcleral venous pressure].

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft·2022
Same journal

[Artificial intelligence in the management of anti-VEGF treatment: the Vienna fluid monitor in clinical practice].

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft·2022
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening
05:36

Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening

Published on: October 18, 2024

[Sources of error in Goldmann applanation tonometry].

F Rüfer1

  • 1Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, Kiel, Germany. fruefer@auge.uni-kiel.de

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift Der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft
|May 3, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Accurate intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement is crucial for glaucoma management. Various factors, including user error and physiological changes, can affect applanation tonometry results, necessitating regular tonometer calibration.

More Related Videos

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential
07:11

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential

Published on: May 25, 2020

Ultrasound Cyclo Plasty in Eyes with Glaucoma
05:05

Ultrasound Cyclo Plasty in Eyes with Glaucoma

Published on: January 26, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening
05:36

Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening

Published on: October 18, 2024

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential
07:11

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential

Published on: May 25, 2020

Ultrasound Cyclo Plasty in Eyes with Glaucoma
05:05

Ultrasound Cyclo Plasty in Eyes with Glaucoma

Published on: January 26, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Optometry

Context:

  • Glaucoma management relies on precise intraocular pressure (IOP) monitoring.
  • Applanation tonometry is a common method for measuring IOP.
  • Potential errors can compromise the accuracy of IOP measurements.

Purpose:

  • To identify factors influencing the accuracy of applanation tonometry.
  • To detail conditions leading to IOP overestimation and underestimation.
  • To provide recommendations for ensuring reliable IOP measurements.

Summary:

  • Overestimation of IOP can result from incorrect slit lamp use, external forces, lid contact, blepharospasm, lid retraction, or Valsalva maneuver.
  • Underestimation may occur due to insufficient fluorescein staining, poor illumination, corneal edema, post-LASIK changes, accommodation, rapid repeat measures, or hypotension.
  • Inconsistent tonometer calibration, abnormal corneal thickness, or astigmatism can cause bidirectional IOP discrepancies.

Impact:

  • Highlights the importance of meticulous technique and awareness of confounding factors in IOP measurement.
  • Emphasizes the need for regular tonometer calibration (1-2 times annually) to maintain measurement accuracy.
  • Aids clinicians in interpreting IOP readings and optimizing glaucoma patient care.