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Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...

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Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics examine how genetic factors influence an individual's response to drugs. While pharmacogenetics focuses on the impact of specific genetic variants on drug effects, pharmacogenomics takes a broader approach, studying how genetic variation across populations contributes to differences in drug responses. These fields aim to explain why individuals may experience varying levels of efficacy or adverse reactions to the same medication.Variability in drug...

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

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Genomics

Genomics

Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...

Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu

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Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Integration of Wet and Dry Bench Processes Optimizes Targeted Next-generation Sequencing of Low-quality and Low-quantity Tumor Biopsies

Integration of Wet and Dry Bench Processes Optimizes Targeted Next-generation Sequencing of Low-quality and Low-quantity Tumor Biopsies

Published on: April 11, 2016

Genomics and personalized medicine.

Wolfgang Sadee¹

¹Program in Pharmacogenomics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1239, USA. wolfgang.sadee@osumc.edu

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

|May 5, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Genomics advances personalized medicine, but predicting therapy outcomes remains challenging. Focus on pharmacogenetic biomarkers reveals successes and hurdles in optimizing individualized treatments.

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Integration of Wet and Dry Bench Processes Optimizes Targeted Next-generation Sequencing of Low-quality and Low-quantity Tumor Biopsies

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Published on: April 11, 2016

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Area of Science:

Genomics and Personalized Medicine
Systems Biology

Background:

Genomic sequencing advances enable understanding of individual disease risk and therapy outcomes.
Genomics now integrates transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and epigenomics for a systems biology approach.

Discussion:

Despite comprehensive genomic data, predicting therapeutic outcomes is complex.
Only a limited number of biomarkers are currently 'actionable' for guiding therapy.

Key Insights:

Pharmacogenetic biomarkers show promise for optimizing individualized therapy.
Significant challenges persist in developing robust predictive biomarker tests.

Outlook:

Continued research in genomics and systems biology is crucial for advancing personalized medicine.
Translating genomic insights into actionable clinical strategies remains a key goal.