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Pharmacogenomics: Driving Personalized Medicine.

Wolfgang Sadee1, Danxin Wang2, Katherine Hartmann2

  • 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus Ohio (W.S., A.E.T.); Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida (D.W.); Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (K.H.); Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Schools of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (W.S.); and Aether Therapeutics, Austin, Texas (W.S.) wolfgang.sadee@gmail.com.

Pharmacological Reviews
|March 17, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pharmacogenomics uses genetic information to tailor treatments, improving patient outcomes and preventing adverse drug reactions. This personalized medicine approach integrates various "-omics" fields to guide targeted therapies effectively.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics and Personalized Medicine
  • Pharmacogenomics and Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Personalized medicine optimizes healthcare by tailoring treatments to individuals.
  • Pharmacogenomics, an evolution of pharmacogenetics, integrates diverse '-omics' fields.
  • Genetic variations in pharmacogenes are crucial biomarkers for drug response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the principles and applications of pharmacogenomics in personalized medicine.
  • To assess the role of pharmacogenomics in advancing targeted therapies.
  • To discuss the challenges and future directions of clinical pharmacogenomics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of basic genomics principles and pharmacogene variations.
  • Analysis of pharmacogenomics' role in personalized medicine and targeted therapies.
  • Integration of economic, ethical, and regulatory aspects of clinical implementation.

Main Results:

  • Pharmacogenomics expands therapeutic benefits across all treatment modalities.
  • Increasing FDA approvals highlight the impact of pharmacogenomics in personalized therapeutics.
  • Multicomponent biomarker panels and AI are emerging for complex data analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Pharmacogenomics is central to personalized medicine, driving biomarker discovery and targeted therapeutics.
  • Clinical application faces hurdles including ethnic validity, healthcare bias, and real-world validation.
  • Addressing scientific, technological, economic, ethical, and regulatory factors is key for broad implementation.