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Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses
Published on: December 29, 2015
Continuity and change of Japanese encephalitis virus in Toyama Prefecture, Japan
Mayumi Obara1, Takeo Yamauchi, Mamoru Watanabe
1Toyama Institute of Health, 17-1 Nakataikoyama, Imizu, Toyama, Japan. mayumi.obara@pref.toyama.lg.jp
Abstract:
To determine the mechanisms of maintenance and evolution of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in a temperate zone, we attempted to isolate JEV from mosquitoes and pigs in Toyama Prefecture, Japan. A total of 87 JEVs were isolated from female Culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes and pigs during 2005-2009. The prevalence of JEV in Toyama Prefecture was seasonally late in comparison with that of the virus during 1966-1972. Furthermore, JEVs were isolated after the peak in the number of female Cx. tritaeniorhynchus. Among JEV strains isolated in this study, two distinct groups were observed within genotype I of the phylogeny generated from nucleotide sequence information derived from the envelope and capsid/premembrane genes: strains belonging to the major type were isolated during 2005-2009, and strains from the minor type were isolated only in 2007. The major type has exhibited gradual change in its envelope and capsid/premembrane genes, and all isolates obtained in 2008 and 2009 had a novel deletion of seven nucleotides in the variable region of the 3'-untranslated region.
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