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Natural perspective projections for head-mounted displays.

Frank Steinicke1, Gerd Bruder, Scott Kuhl

  • 1Institute of Computer Science, University of Münster, Einsteinstrasse 62, 48149, Münster, Germany. fsteini@uni-muenster.de

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Summary

Users perceive virtual environments as more natural when the geometric field of view (GFOV) is larger than the display field of view (DFOV) in head-mounted displays (HMDs). This finding holds even when real-world viewing is limited, suggesting a preference for expanded virtual perspectives.

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Area of Science:

  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Virtual Reality
  • Perception Psychology

Background:

  • Head-mounted displays (HMDs) have limited fields of view (FOV), impacting virtual environment (VE) immersion.
  • Discrepancies between rendering (GFOV) and display (DFOV) FOVs cause geometric distortions, affecting user perception, presence, and task performance.
  • Accurate calibration of HMD characteristics is crucial for undistorted VE rendering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze user perception of VEs rendered with varying geometric fields of view (GFOVs) on HMDs.
  • To introduce a psychophysical method for calibrating the actual field of view (FOV) of HMDs.
  • To identify perspective projections that users perceive as natural within HMDs, irrespective of display limitations.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a psychophysical calibration method to determine the precise field of view (FOV) of HMDs.
  • Conducted two experiments involving user adjustments of the geometric field of view (GFOV) for a virtual laboratory.
  • Experiment 1: Users matched virtual perception to real-world perception. Experiment 2: Simulated HMD viewing conditions in the real world.

Main Results:

  • Users perceived a larger geometric field of view (GFOV) as more natural than the actual display field of view (DFOV) of the HMD.
  • This preference for an expanded GFOV extended up to 50% larger than the DFOV.
  • The naturalness perception persisted even when real-world viewing was restricted to mimic HMD limitations.

Conclusions:

  • User perception of naturalness in virtual environments is not strictly bound by the physical display field of view (DFOV) of HMDs.
  • A geometric field of view (GFOV) exceeding the display field of view (DFOV) is often preferred by users for a more natural experience.
  • Psychophysical calibration and user-centric rendering adjustments are key to optimizing virtual environment perception in HMDs.