Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 2, 2026
08:30
Microinjectrode System for Combined Drug Infusion and Electrophysiology
Published on: November 13, 2019
Pulsatile multiparticulate drug delivery system for metoprolol succinate
Swati C Jagdale1, Sachin M Chede, Ram Gulwady
1MAEER's Maharashtra Institute of Pharmacy, Pune, Maharashtra, India. jagdaleswati@rediffmail.com
Archives of Pharmacal Research
|May 7, 2011
Summary
This study developed a novel pulsatile drug delivery system for metoprolol succinate. The time-controlled release formulation aims to manage early morning cardiovascular disease symptoms effectively.
Area of Science:
- Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Drug Delivery Systems
- Cardiovascular Pharmacology
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases present significant treatment challenges.
- Many cardiovascular events occur in the early morning hours, necessitating targeted therapeutic interventions.
- Current treatments may not optimally address circadian variations in cardiovascular risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a time-controlled release formulation of metoprolol succinate.
- To create a pulsatile multiparticulate (pellets) drug delivery system for evening administration.
- To target early morning cardiovascular disease symptoms (04:00-06:00) with a 22:00 dose.
Main Methods:
- Formulation of metoprolol succinate layered on sugar pellets with ion exchange resin P-547.
- Application of a swelling layer and an insoluble coat using a fluid bed processor.
- Characterization of drug release kinetics, including lag time and release rate.
Main Results:
- The developed formulation exhibited a lag time of 4 hours.
- A sigmoidal drug release pattern was observed post-lag time.
- Over 95% of metoprolol succinate was released by the 10th hour.
Conclusions:
- The pulsatile multiparticulate system successfully achieved time-controlled release of metoprolol succinate.
- This formulation holds potential for managing early morning cardiovascular events through strategic evening dosing.
- The developed system demonstrates a promising approach to chronotherapy for cardiovascular diseases.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems
Continuous-release drug delivery systems offer a strategic approach to maintaining therapeutic drug levels over extended periods following oral administration. By modulating the release rate of active pharmaceutical ingredients, these systems minimize fluctuations in plasma concentrations, which enhances clinical efficacy and reduces the need for frequent dosing. Such characteristics make them particularly advantageous in managing chronic diseases where patient adherence and stable drug...
01:19Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II
Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
01:23Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification
Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
01:20Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Influencing Factors
Modified-release drug delivery systems are designed to optimize the therapeutic effect of drugs by minimizing side effects, reducing the dosage required, and controlling drug release to align with pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic needs. The system depends on two key factors: the drug's release from the formulation and its movement through the body to the target site. Unlike conventional dosage forms, where absorption is the limiting step, the rate of drug release is the key determinant in...
01:22Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I
Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...
01:23Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems
Ophthalmic drug delivery faces major limitations due to poor absorption across the corneal membrane. This process is primarily driven by diffusion and is influenced by two main factors: the physicochemical properties of the drug and tear drainage. Most ophthalmic drugs, such as pilocarpine, epinephrine, atropine, and local anesthetics, are weak bases. They are typically formulated at an acidic pH to enhance chemical stability. However, this leads to high ionization, reducing their ability to...