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Updated: Jun 2, 2026

An Aquatic Microbial Metaproteomics Workflow: From Cells to Tryptic Peptides Suitable for Tandem Mass Spectrometry-based Analysis
Published on: September 15, 2015
How microbial proteomics got started.
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. fcneid@umich.edu
The 1975 development of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis by Patrick O'Farrell revolutionized proteomics. This foundational technique enabled the study of cellular physiology and microbial proteomics.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Microbial Physiology
Background:
- The field of proteomics emerged in 1975 with Patrick O'Farrell's innovative two-dimensional gel electrophoresis technique for separating Escherichia coli proteins.
- This groundbreaking method laid the foundation for modern proteomic research.
Observation:
- O'Farrell's procedure allowed for the separation of proteins in a two-dimensional array on polyacrylamide gels.
- Initial applications significantly impacted the study of whole cell physiology.
Findings:
- Refinements included improved standardization, reproducibility, quantification of protein spots, and biochemical identification.
- These advancements enabled unprecedented exploration of integrated control circuits within living cells.
Implications:
- The technique spurred the development of diverse methodologies in microbial proteomics.
- It continues to influence the ongoing evolution of proteomic research and applications.
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