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Related Concept Videos

Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
Mitogens and the Cell Cycle02:38

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia01:35

Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia

Invadosome is a broad category of cell surface structures with proteolytic activity that  degrades the extracellular matrix (ECM). Invadosomes are present in normal cell types, including macrophages, endothelial cells, and neurons, as well as tumor cells. Although the macrophage podosomes and tumor cell invadopodia are classified as invadosomes, they have different structures, molecular pathways, and functions. Podosomes are short structures that last for a few minutes. However, invadopodia can...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Induction of Invasive Transitional Cell Bladder Carcinoma in Immune Intact Human MUC1 Transgenic Mice: A Model for Immunotherapy Development
11:02

Induction of Invasive Transitional Cell Bladder Carcinoma in Immune Intact Human MUC1 Transgenic Mice: A Model for Immunotherapy Development

Published on: October 30, 2013

Do mucins promote tumor-cell metastasis.

J Ho1, Y Kim

  • 1UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA.

International Journal of Oncology
|May 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Mucin-associated carbohydrates play a critical role in cancer progression and metastasis by influencing cell interactions and immune evasion. Understanding these mechanisms is key to developing new cancer therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Mucins are highly glycosylated proteins produced by epithelial cells, essential for lubricating and protecting various bodily tracts.
  • Aberrant glycosylation of mucins is increasingly recognized for its role in tumor progression and metastasis.
  • Mucin-associated carbohydrates influence pathogen binding, cell adhesion, and immune system interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of mucin-associated carbohydrates in tumor progression and metastasis.
  • To investigate how tumor cells and their mucinous products interact with cellular trafficking and immune surveillance.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of mucin structure and glycosylation patterns in tumor tissues.
  • Investigation of cell-cell and cell-substratum interactions mediated by mucin carbohydrates.

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Induction of Invasive Transitional Cell Bladder Carcinoma in Immune Intact Human MUC1 Transgenic Mice: A Model for Immunotherapy Development
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  • Studies on the impact of mucins on inflammatory cell trafficking and immune cell cytotoxicity.

    • Main Results:

    • Mucin-associated carbohydrates were found to act as receptors for pathogens.
    • These carbohydrates were shown to reduce homotypic cell-cell and cell-substratum interactions.
    • Tumor cells and their mucin products were observed to impede inflammatory cell trafficking and inhibit immune cell cytotoxicity.

    Conclusions:

    • Mucin-associated carbohydrates are significant contributors to tumor progression and metastasis.
    • These molecules facilitate immune evasion by tumor cells.
    • Targeting mucin glycosylation presents a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.