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Feeding difficulties in childhood: A narrative review and proposal for an interdisciplinary approach

V Hernández-Rosiles1, A Carias-Domínguez2, G Baules de Arrocha3

  • 1Departamento de Gastroenterología y Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico.

Revista De Gastroenterologia De Mexico (English)
|June 13, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric feeding difficulties (PFDs) are common and require an interdisciplinary approach. This study reviews definitions, risk factors, and proposes a clinical algorithm for better diagnosis and treatment of PFDs.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Clinical Nutrition
  • Child Development

Background:

  • Feeding difficulties (FDs) in children are prevalent, often leading to fragmented clinical care.
  • The Pediatric Feeding Disorder (PFD) model offers a comprehensive, multidimensional framework.
  • Existing approaches lack standardization, hindering effective diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define pediatric feeding difficulties (PFDs).
  • To identify risk factors and classifications for PFDs.
  • To propose an interdisciplinary clinical algorithm for PFD diagnosis and management.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative review of literature from January 2000 to April 2025.
  • Searches conducted in PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, and LILACS databases.
  • Analysis performed by the Feeding Difficulties Working Group of LASPGHAN.

Main Results:

  • Three classification systems identified: sensory-based, medical/nutritional, and functional.
  • Key risk factors include prematurity, GI/neuromotor diseases, negative feeding experiences, and psychosocial factors.
  • A comprehensive, interdisciplinary clinical algorithm was developed.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric FDs necessitate an interdisciplinary, family-centered approach tailored to the Latin American context.
  • Standardizing terminology and harmonizing clinical criteria are crucial for improving PFD diagnosis, treatment, and research.
  • The developed clinical algorithm serves as a foundational step towards optimizing care for PFDs in the region.
Abstract

Keywords:
Alimentación selectivaFood neophobiaNeofobia alimentariaPediatric feeding disordersPicky eaterTrastornos de alimentación infantil

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