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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Virtual Hand with Ambiguous Movement between the Self and Other Origin: Sense of Ownership and 'Other-Produced' Agency

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Bodily self: an implicit knowledge of what is explicitly unknown.

Francesca Frassinetti¹, Francesca Ferri, Manuela Maini

¹Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, 40127 Bologna, Italy. francesc.frassinetti@unibo.it

Experimental Brain Research

|May 10, 2011

Summary

The body self-advantage, or recognizing one's own body parts, relies on implicit sensorimotor knowledge, not explicit visual cues. This self-recognition benefit is specific to body parts, not inanimate objects.

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Psychology
Body Representation

Background:

The body self-advantage describes enhanced discrimination of self versus other body parts.
This phenomenon may stem from implicit sensorimotor representations or explicit visual recognition.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate whether the body self-advantage is driven by implicit, sensorimotor knowledge or explicit visual processing.
To determine if this advantage is specific to body parts or extends to inanimate objects.

Main Methods:

Healthy participants performed implicit or explicit recognition tasks involving their own or others' body parts and inanimate objects.
Accuracy was measured under different task conditions (implicit vs. explicit) and stimuli types (body parts vs. objects).

Main Results:

Participants showed a self-advantage in implicit recognition of their own body-effectors compared to others'.
No self-advantage was observed during explicit recognition of body-effectors.
Neither self/other nor implicit/explicit effects were found for inanimate objects, highlighting a distinction between body and object processing.

Conclusions:

The body self-advantage appears to be rooted in implicit, sensorimotor representations of one's own body.
Visual-perceptual facilitation or explicit recognition does not account for the body self-advantage.
The findings underscore the unique processing of one's own body compared to inanimate objects.