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Updated: Jun 2, 2026
08:20
A Method for Quantifying Foliage-Dwelling Arthropods
Published on: October 20, 2019
Summary
Eighteenth-century England and Wales saw counties contract officials to manage the mobile poor due to evolving poor laws and vagrancy legislation. This system, intended to improve vagrant conveyance, eventually faced similar criticisms as the previous constable system.
Area of Science:
- Socio-legal history
- Economic history
Background:
- Examines the evolution of poor law and vagrancy law in 18th-century England and Wales.
- Highlights the financial burden placed on counties for managing the mobile poor.
Observation:
- Many counties contracted with specialized officials for vagrant conveyance, bypassing constables.
- Contract terms and vagrant arrangements varied significantly across regions like Middlesex and West Riding.
Findings:
- The contractor system aimed to address negligence and profiteering by constables in implementing vagrancy legislation.
- The mobile poor population increased throughout the 19th century, leading to renewed scrutiny of contractors.
Implications:
- The study reveals the adaptive strategies within historical poor relief systems.
- It demonstrates the cyclical nature of administrative reform and public suspicion in social welfare management.
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