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Related Concept Videos

In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Compendial Testing Models II01:09

In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Compendial Testing Models II

Various dissolution methods are utilized to assess a drug’s dissolution rate, including the flow-through cell, paddle-over-disk, cylinder, and reciprocating disk methods.The flow-through cell apparatus (USP (United States Pharmacopeia) method 4) comprises a reservoir for the dissolution medium and a pump that propels the medium through the cell containing the test sample. This method is crucial for assessing modified-release dosage forms with minimally soluble active ingredients, maintaining...
In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Alternative Methods01:17

In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Alternative Methods

Alternative drug dissolution methods include the rotating bottle, intrinsic dissolution test, peristalsis, and the Franz diffusion cell method. The rotating bottle method involves meticulously rotating tightly capped controlled-release beads in a temperature-controlled bath. Periodic decanting of samples allows for residue assay, followed by refilling with fresh medium and testing at various pH levels to emulate the gastrointestinal tract conditions.In contrast, the intrinsic dissolution test...
Drug Dissolution: Requirements and Profile Comparison01:14

Drug Dissolution: Requirements and Profile Comparison

The acceptance criteria for dissolution profile data are anchored in Q values, representing the percentage of drug dissolved within a specified period. This assessment unfolds in three stages:First Stage: The test passes if all six drug dosage units are equal to or greater than Q plus 5%; otherwise, the sample proceeds to the second stage.Second Stage: The average of twelve units must be equal to or greater than Q, with no unit falling below Q - 15% to pass; if not, it progresses to the final...
Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Compendial Testing Models I01:13

In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Compendial Testing Models I

Compendial dissolution methods are standardized procedures defined by pharmacopeias to evaluate the rate at which a drug dissolves in a specific medium. These methods ensure batch-to-batch consistency, enable quality control, and support the prediction of drug bioavailability. They are critical for both immediate and modified-release drug products.The apparatuses used for dissolution testing differ in their design and mechanical function, but all aim to simulate the physiological environment of...
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism01:21

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism

Polymorphism refers to the existence of a drug substance in multiple crystalline forms, known as polymorphs. Recently, this term has been expanded to include solvates (forms containing a solvent), amorphous forms (non-crystalline forms), and desolvated solvates (forms from which the solvent has been removed).
Some polymorphic crystals possess lower aqueous solubility than their amorphous counterparts, leading to incomplete absorption. For instance, the oral suspension of Chloramphenicol, which...

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Coherent anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) Microscopy Visualizes Pharmaceutical Tablets During Dissolution
09:59

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Published on: July 4, 2014

Analysis of matrix dosage forms during dissolution testing using raman microscopy.

Miriam Haaser1, Maike Windbergs, Cushla M McGoverin

  • 1School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
|May 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Raman microscopy revealed how drug release from matrix dosage forms is affected by component distribution and structural changes during dissolution. This technique provides insights into sustained-release matrix development.

Keywords:
Raman mappingRaman spectroscopycontrolled releasedissolutionlipidspolyethylene glycolsolid lipid extrusionsolid statespatial resolutiontheophylline

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Matrix dosage forms are crucial for sustained drug release.
  • Understanding component distribution and physical changes during dissolution is vital for optimizing drug release profiles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate component distribution and structural changes during dissolution in matrix formulations using Raman microscopy.
  • To analyze the impact of matrix composition on drug release behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Raman microscopy was employed to map the distribution of theophylline anhydrate, tripalmitin, and polyethylene glycol during dissolution.
  • Two matrix systems (binary: tripalmitin; ternary: tripalmitin and polyethylene glycol) were studied.

Main Results:

  • A receding, non-uniform drug boundary was observed.
  • The tripalmitin lipid matrix structure remained intact.
  • Polyethylene glycol rapidly dissolved, creating channels that facilitated drug diffusion and medium penetration.

Conclusions:

  • Raman mapping is a valuable tool for analyzing matrix components during drug release.
  • This method enhances the understanding of factors influencing sustained drug release from matrix systems.