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Related Concept Videos

Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration01:27

Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration

Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...
Calmodulin-dependent Signaling01:16

Calmodulin-dependent Signaling

Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
The Ca2+-CaM complex does not have enzymatic activity by itself. Instead, the complex binds downstream target proteins, including membrane proteins or enzymes,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Direct Imaging of ER Calcium with Targeted-Esterase Induced Dye Loading (TED)
09:32

Direct Imaging of ER Calcium with Targeted-Esterase Induced Dye Loading (TED)

Published on: May 7, 2013

Capturing ER calcium dynamics.

Juliane Jaepel1, Robert Blum

  • 1Institute for Clinical Neurobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.

European Journal of Cell Biology
|May 13, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen is crucial for calcium signaling. A new method, Targeted-Esterase-induced Dye loading (TED), enables direct measurement of calcium dynamics within the ER lumen in neural cells.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Direct Imaging of ER Calcium with Targeted-Esterase Induced Dye Loading (TED)
09:32

Direct Imaging of ER Calcium with Targeted-Esterase Induced Dye Loading (TED)

Published on: May 7, 2013

Monitoring Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium Homeostasis Using a Gaussia Luciferase SERCaMP
08:41

Monitoring Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium Homeostasis Using a Gaussia Luciferase SERCaMP

Published on: September 6, 2015

Monitoring ER/SR Calcium Release with the Targeted Ca2+ Sensor CatchER+
12:30

Monitoring ER/SR Calcium Release with the Targeted Ca2+ Sensor CatchER+

Published on: May 19, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen acts as a critical source/sink for calcium (Ca2+) signaling.
  • Direct measurement of luminal Ca2+ dynamics is essential for understanding Ca2+ homeostasis in neural cells.
  • Existing synthetic Ca2+ indicators have limitations in targeting specific subcellular compartments like the ER.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate a novel method for targeting synthetic Ca2+ indicators to the ER lumen.
  • To enable direct, non-disruptive measurement and imaging of ER Ca2+ dynamics.
  • To discuss the potential of this method for analyzing Ca2+ signaling in neural cells.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the Targeted-Esterase-induced Dye loading (TED) method.
  • Utilizing targeted recombinant expression of high carboxylesterase (CES) activity in the ER lumen.
  • Combining protein targeting selectivity with low-affinity synthetic Ca2+ indicators.

Main Results:

  • The TED method successfully targets synthetic Ca2+ indicators to the ER lumen.
  • TED allows for direct and non-disruptive measurement and imaging of ER Ca2+ dynamics.
  • This approach facilitates the analysis of Ca2+ signaling in neural cells.

Conclusions:

  • The TED method offers a significant advancement for studying ER Ca2+ signaling.
  • It provides a powerful tool for the morphological and physiological analysis of Ca2+ dynamics in neural cells.
  • TED enhances our understanding of cell biology and pathophysiology related to luminal calcium stores.