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Validation of a Psychosocial Intervention on Body Image in Older People: An Experimental Design

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Abnormal sensitivity to negative feedback in late-life depression.

Armin von Gunten¹, François R Herrmann, Rebecca Elliott

¹Service of Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland. armin.von-gunten@chuv.ch

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences

|May 17, 2011

Summary

Elderly individuals with mild depression show heightened sensitivity to negative feedback on cognitive tasks. This altered response to negative information may contribute to cognitive impairment in late-life depression.

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Area of Science:

Geriatric Psychiatry
Cognitive Neuroscience
Clinical Psychology

Background:

Cognitive impairment is a common concern in elderly populations.
Mild depression in late life can be associated with subtle cognitive deficits.
Understanding the mechanisms underlying these deficits is crucial for effective intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate sensitivity to misleading negative feedback on cognitive performance in elderly patients with mild depression.
To explore this sensitivity as a potential mechanism for cognitive impairment in this demographic.
To differentiate the impact of negative versus positive feedback on cognitive task performance.

Main Methods:

A cohort of 22 elderly subjects diagnosed with mild depression was compared to 22 healthy elderly controls.
A computerized Tower-of-London task was employed to assess cognitive performance.
Sensitivity to negative and positive feedback was systematically evaluated.

Main Results:

Performance on the cognitive task significantly worsened following negative feedback, but not positive feedback.
The severity of depressive symptoms predicted increased task failure after negative feedback.
Repeated exposure to negative feedback did not lead to a cumulative increase in failure or magnitude of failure.

Conclusions:

Elderly individuals with mild unipolar depression exhibit altered sensitivity to negative feedback.
This heightened sensitivity to negative feedback appears to be a context-specific phenomenon.
The findings suggest a potential neurocognitive mechanism contributing to cognitive impairment in late-life depression.