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Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial Function: A Technical Guideline of the Flow-mediated Dilation Test
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The female athlete triad and endothelial dysfunction.

Erica M Lanser1, Karie N Zach, Anne Z Hoch

  • 1Department of Health Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA.

PM & R : the Journal of Injury, Function, and Rehabilitation
|May 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Female athletes experience unique health issues like the female athlete triad. This article explores athletic-associated amenorrhea, endothelial dysfunction, and potential folic acid treatments for vascular issues.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Women's Health
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Increased participation of female athletes across all levels over the past 35 years.
  • Athletic participation generally promotes well-being but has highlighted gender-specific health concerns.
  • Emerging conditions unique to female athletes require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding the female athlete triad.
  • To examine the link between athletic-associated amenorrhea and endothelial dysfunction.
  • To discuss the therapeutic potential of folic acid for vascular dysfunction in female athletes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on female athlete health.
  • Analysis of the relationship between amenorrhea and vascular function.
  • Examination of research on folic acid interventions.

Main Results:

  • The female athlete triad encompasses disordered eating, amenorrhea, and low bone density.
  • Athletic-associated amenorrhea is linked to endothelial dysfunction, impacting vascular health.
  • Folic acid shows promise in treating vascular dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the female athlete triad is crucial for addressing health issues in women athletes.
  • Athletic-associated amenorrhea contributes to vascular problems that may be treatable.
  • Further research into folic acid's role in managing vascular dysfunction is warranted.