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Related Concept Videos

Nomenclature of Primary Amines01:17

Nomenclature of Primary Amines

Primary, secondary, and tertiary amines are compounds consisting of one, two, and three alkyl groups connected to the amino group (–NH2), respectively. As depicted in Figure 1, the common name of the primary amines is obtained by adding the suffix -amine to the alkyl substituent attached to the amino group as the corresponding alkylamine.
Nomenclature of Aryl and Heterocyclic Amines01:10

Nomenclature of Aryl and Heterocyclic Amines

The simplest aromatic amine is phenylamine, which contains an –NH2 functionality directly attached to an aromatic ring. The name aniline is designated for this skeleton. As shown in Figure 1, the common names of the functionalized anilines involve prefixes ortho-, meta-, and para- to indicate the substitution position. Different functionalized aniline derivatives also have notable trivial names.
Radical Formation: Abstraction00:47

Radical Formation: Abstraction

The electron of an atom can be abstracted from a compound by a relatively unstable radical to generate a new radical of relatively greater stability. For example, an initiator which forms radicals by homolysis can abstract a suitable species like a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom from a compound to generate a new radical. This ability of radicals to propagate by abstraction is a crucial feature of radical chain reactions.
Even though homolysis produces radicals, it is different from radical...
Nomenclature of Alkynes02:39

Nomenclature of Alkynes

Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons characterized by the presence of carbon-carbon triple bonds and have a general formula CnH2n-2. The nomenclature of alkynes follows a set of rules similar to alkanes and alkenes; however, alkynes bear the suffix "-yne" instead of "-ane" or "-ene." There are two approaches to naming alkynes:
Nomenclature of Secondary and Tertiary Amines01:12

Nomenclature of Secondary and Tertiary Amines

The secondary and tertiary amines are derivatives of ammonia, where two and three of its hydrogens are replaced by alkyl groups, respectively. Secondary and tertiary amines can be symmetrical with identical alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom or unsymmetrical when more than one type of alkyl group is present. The standard nomenclature of secondary and tertiary amines is similar to the names given to the primary amines. They are generally named alkylamines. As depicted in Figure 1, for...
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles01:11

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles

Naming Amides
The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.

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Thermal Ablation for the Treatment of Abdominal Tumors
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Thermal Ablation for the Treatment of Abdominal Tumors

Published on: March 7, 2011

To ablate or not: a proposal regarding nomenclature.

Murad Alam1, Jeffrey S Dover, Kenneth A Arndt

  • 1Departments of Dermatology, Otolaryngology, and Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA. m-alam@northwestern.edu

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
|May 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Clearer terminology for lasers and energy devices improves communication. This study proposes precise descriptors for skin treatments, aiding accurate understanding of novel technologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Aesthetics

Background:

  • Vague terminology complicates discussions on cutaneous energy devices.
  • Novel technologies exacerbate communication challenges in dermatology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Identify areas for improved descriptions of lasers, lights, and energy devices.
  • Enhance clarity in scientific and clinical communication regarding energy-based treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Suggesting precise, accurate, simple, and mutually exclusive modifiers for energy device descriptions.
  • Developing a systematic scheme for naming the technology behind cutaneous energy devices.

Main Results:

  • Proposed terms distinguish devices by induced skin injury depth.
  • Descriptors offered for fractional treatments, fat melting, and cellulite reduction.
  • A naming scheme for underlying technologies of cutaneous energy devices is presented.

Conclusions:

  • Simple terminology changes can enhance rapid and accurate communication.
  • Proposed designations may require expansion for future novel devices.