Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 2, 2026
Isolation of Exosomes from the Plasma of HIV-1 Positive Individuals
Published on: January 5, 2016
Antibody and B-cell responses may control circulating lipopolysaccharide in patients with HIV infection
Andrew Lim1, Afsana Amini, Lloyd J D'Orsogna
1School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Australia.
Objectives:
To examine the relationship between plasma markers of microbial translocation and antibodies to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and circulating memory B cells in patients with HIV infection.
Design:
Cross-sectional study in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive (n = 23) and ART-treated (n = 27) HIV patients.
Methods:
Antibodies to LPS and immunoglobulins, assayed in stored serum, and matched memory B-cell counts were correlated with levels of LPS and bacterial 16S ribosome DNA (16S rDNA), assayed in stored plasma.
Results:
In ART-naive patients, plasma LPS levels correlated inversely with serum levels of IgG and IgA antibodies to LPS (P = 0.03 and 0.006, respectively), serum levels of IgA anti-LPS correlated with total IgA (P < 0.0001) and levels of IgG anti-LPS correlated with IgM(+) memory B-cell counts (P = 0.025). In ART-treated patients, plasma LPS levels were not related to levels of LPS antibodies, but were related to CD4(+) T-cell and switched memory B-cell counts. There were no correlations with plasma levels of 16S rDNA.
Conclusion:
Plasma LPS levels were associated with antibody and possibly B-cell responses to LPS in ART-naive HIV patients, whereas they were associated with the degree of immune reconstitution in ART-treated patients.
More Related Videos
08:11Assessing the Innate Sensing of HIV-1 Infected CD4+ T Cells by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Using an Ex vivo Co-culture System.
Published on: September 1, 2015
09:26In Vitro Assay to Evaluate the Impact of Immunoregulatory Pathways on HIV-specific CD4 T Cell Effector Function
Published on: October 15, 2013
Related Concept Videos
01:36Humoral Immune Responses
01:29Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
01:24B Cell Activation and Differentiation
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
01:40Cell-mediated Immune Responses
01:31Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
01:19Formation of Lipopolysaccharides