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Related Concept Videos

Classification and Mechanical Properties of Synthetic Polymers01:28

Classification and Mechanical Properties of Synthetic Polymers

Synthetic polymers are classified as elastomers, fibers, or plastics based on their crystallinity. Crystallinity, the degree of long-range order in the solid state, influences the mechanical properties (stretching or contracting) of elastomers. Elastomers are flexible polymers that can expand or contract easily upon the application of an external force. They have numerous crosslinks that pull them back into their original shape when stress is removed. Silicones, for instance, are highly elastic...
Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
Polymers02:34

Polymers

The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...
Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the polymer...
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)01:16

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)

Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...

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Fabrication of a Bioactive, PCL-based "Self-fitting" Shape Memory Polymer Scaffold
09:37

Fabrication of a Bioactive, PCL-based "Self-fitting" Shape Memory Polymer Scaffold

Published on: October 23, 2015

Post-Polymerization Crosslinked Polyurethane Shape-Memory Polymers.

K Hearon1, K Gall, T Ware

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332.

Journal of Applied Polymer Science
|May 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Novel urethane shape-memory polymers (SMPs) offer advanced processing capabilities. These post-polymerization crosslinked materials exhibit excellent mechanical properties and shape recovery, making them ideal for industrial applications, including medical devices.

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Published on: January 19, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Traditional shape-memory polymers (SMPs) require one-step polymerization.
  • Post-polymerization crosslinking offers enhanced processing flexibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel urethane SMPs via post-polymerization crosslinking.
  • To evaluate their processability and thermo-mechanical properties for industrial applications.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of linear, olefinic urethane polymers.
  • Thermoplastic melt processing followed by thermal or electron beam crosslinking.
  • Characterization using solvent swelling, DSC, DMA, tensile testing, and shape recovery analysis.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of processable urethane SMPs with tunable properties.
  • Demonstrated evidence of chemical crosslinking and outstanding mechanical performance.
  • Achieved tailorable transitions (25-80°C), high recoverable/failure strains, and rapid shape recovery (<12s at 37°C).

Conclusions:

  • Post-polymerization crosslinked urethane SMPs are highly processable and industrially relevant.
  • These materials possess excellent thermo-mechanical properties suitable for complex applications.
  • One polyurethane was selected for a complex medical device design, highlighting practical utility.