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Related Concept Videos

Transmission Shafts: Problem Solving01:09

Transmission Shafts: Problem Solving

Designing a solid shaft that transmits power from a motor to a machine tool involves a series of calculations to ensure the shaft can withstand the stresses applied by bending moments and torques. First, calculate the torque exerted on the gear, considering the power transmitted by the shaft and its rotational speed. Following this, compute the tangential forces acting on the gears, which directly relate to the torque and the gear radius.
Next, use bending moment diagrams for the shaft to...
Angle of Twist: Problem Solving01:13

Angle of Twist: Problem Solving

An electric motor applies a torque of 700 N·m to an aluminum shaft, triggering a stable rotation. Two pulleys, B and C, are subjected to torques of 300 N·m and 400 N·m, respectively. The modulus of rigidity is provided as 25 GPa. With the knowledge of the length and diameter of each segment, the twist angle between the two pulleys can be computed. First, a section cut is made between pulleys B and C, and the cut cross-section is analyzed using a free-body diagram. Given that the torque exerted...
Design of Transmission Shafts01:16

Design of Transmission Shafts

The design of a transmission shaft is governed by two primary specifications: the power it transmits and its rotational speed. These parameters guide the selection of the shaft's material and cross-sectional dimensions, ensuring that the material's maximum shearing stress remains within the elastic limit while transmitting the desired power at the given speed. The system's power is intrinsically linked to the applied torque. The torque applied to the shaft can be calculated by reconfiguring the...
Stress Concentrations in Circular Shafts01:18

Stress Concentrations in Circular Shafts

Consider the elastic torsion formula, which applies to a circular shaft with a consistent cross-section. This formula assumes that the shaft's ends are loaded with rigid plates firmly attached. However, in many cases, torques are applied to the shaft through mechanisms like flange couplings or gears, which are connected by keys inserted into keyways. This application method modifies the stress distribution near the point of torque application, causing it to deviate from the distributions...
Angle of Twist - Elastic Range01:13

Angle of Twist - Elastic Range

Consider a cylindrical shaft with a length denoted by L and a consistent cross-sectional radius referred to as r. This shaft undergoes a torque at the free end. The highest shearing strain within the shaft is directly proportional to the twist angle and the radial distance from the shaft axis. When the shaft behaves elastically, this shearing strain can be articulated using variables such as the applied torque, radial distance, the polar moment of inertia, and the modulus of rigidity. By...

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Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Electrospinning Fundamentals: Optimizing Solution and Apparatus Parameters
07:57

Electrospinning Fundamentals: Optimizing Solution and Apparatus Parameters

Published on: January 21, 2011

Mandrel Diameter Is a Dominating Parameter for Fiber Alignment Control in Rotating Mandrel Electrospinning Systems.

Katherine L Meinhold1, Tyler Tankersley2, Rylie Darlington1

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.

Journal of Applied Polymer Science
|June 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mandrel diameter, not rotational speed, is key for aligning electrospun fibers. Increasing diameter enhances fiber alignment and fraction, crucial for tissue engineering scaffolds.

Keywords:
biomimeticfiberspolyesters

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Melt Electrospinning Writing of Three-dimensional Poly(ε-caprolactone) Scaffolds with Controllable Morphologies for Tissue Engineering Applications
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Melt Electrospinning Writing of Three-dimensional Poly(ε-caprolactone) Scaffolds with Controllable Morphologies for Tissue Engineering Applications

Published on: December 23, 2017

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Electrospinning Fundamentals: Optimizing Solution and Apparatus Parameters
07:57

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Published on: January 21, 2011

Melt Electrospinning Writing of Three-dimensional Poly(ε-caprolactone) Scaffolds with Controllable Morphologies for Tissue Engineering Applications
12:28

Melt Electrospinning Writing of Three-dimensional Poly(ε-caprolactone) Scaffolds with Controllable Morphologies for Tissue Engineering Applications

Published on: December 23, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Aligned electrospun polymer scaffolds are vital for 3D in vitro models of fibrous tissues.
  • High-speed rotating cylindrical mandrels are commonly used to align electrospun fibers.
  • The influence of mandrel diameter on fiber alignment is less understood than rotational speed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of mandrel diameter on fiber alignment, volume fraction, and diameter.
  • To compare the effect of mandrel diameter versus rotational speed on fiber alignment.
  • To provide guidance for optimizing electrospun fiber alignment for tissue engineering.

Main Methods:

  • Electrospinning of polymer fibers onto rotating cylindrical mandrels of varying diameters.
  • Analysis of fiber alignment, diameter, and volume fraction using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
  • Quantitative image analysis with DiameterJ and OrientationJ plugins in ImageJ.

Main Results:

  • Linear regression analysis identified mandrel diameter as the dominant factor influencing fiber diameter, fraction, and alignment.
  • Increasing mandrel diameter significantly improved fiber alignment and volume fraction.
  • Mandrel diameter offered more precise control over fiber alignment than rotational speed.

Conclusions:

  • Mandrel diameter is a more critical parameter than rotational speed for controlling electrospun fiber alignment.
  • Larger mandrel diameters enable finer and more consistent tuning of fiber alignment at lower speeds.
  • This study provides a practical guide for fabricating highly aligned electrospun scaffolds for tissue engineering applications.