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Related Concept Videos

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems01:23

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems

Ophthalmic drug delivery faces major limitations due to poor absorption across the corneal membrane. This process is primarily driven by diffusion and is influenced by two main factors: the physicochemical properties of the drug and tear drainage. Most ophthalmic drugs, such as pilocarpine, epinephrine, atropine, and local anesthetics, are weak bases. They are typically formulated at an acidic pH to enhance chemical stability. However, this leads to high ionization, reducing their ability to...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
Microbiome of the Eye01:22

Microbiome of the Eye

The human eye has a specialized microbiota that reflects its unique anatomical and immunological environment. This low-biomass microbial community predominantly colonizes the conjunctiva and eyelid margins, playing a vital role in ocular surface homeostasis and defense. Despite its proximity to the richly colonized facial skin, the ocular surface maintains a distinct microbial profile due to continuous mechanical and biochemical defense mechanisms.The conjunctival surface hosts fewer microbial...
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs through the...

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Ocular Therapeutic Delivery and Advanced Tissue Retrieval in Adult Rats
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Ocular Therapeutic Delivery and Advanced Tissue Retrieval in Adult Rats

Published on: May 23, 2025

Treating ocular surface disease: new agents in development.

Ahmad M Fahmy1, David R Hardten

  • 1University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)
|May 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New treatments for ocular surface pathology are emerging due to high demand for better alternatives. While current options are limited, investigational medicines and devices show promise for improving patient care.

Keywords:
anti-inflammatory drugsdysfunctional tear syndrometreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Ocular surface pathology is a growing clinical concern.
  • Current treatment options approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for common ocular surface conditions are limited.
  • There is a significant unmet need for more effective therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances and ongoing investigations in the treatment of ocular surface pathology.
  • To highlight promising new medicines and devices under development.
  • To discuss the potential role of emerging options in the clinical treatment paradigm.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific publications.
  • Analysis of preclinical and clinical data for novel therapeutics.
  • Synthesis of information on investigational medicines and devices.

Main Results:

  • Significant investment is being directed towards developing novel treatments for ocular surface diseases.
  • Several promising new medicines and medical devices are currently under investigation.
  • These emerging options have the potential to address limitations of current therapies.

Conclusions:

  • The field of ocular surface pathology treatment is rapidly evolving.
  • Understanding and integrating new therapeutic options will be critical for advancing patient care.
  • Investigational treatments offer hope for more effective management of common ocular conditions.