Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 2, 2026
06:26
Novel and Innovative Hybrid Technique for Type A Aortic Dissection
Published on: March 28, 2025
Aortic dissection is associated with intermittent hypoxia and re-oxygenation
Ryo Naito1, Kenichi Sakakura, Takatoshi Kasai
1Department of Integrated Medicine I, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, 847-1 Amanuma-cho, Oomiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan. riorio99252@jichi.ac.jp
Heart and Vessels
|May 17, 2011
Summary
Intermittent hypoxia and re-oxygenation (IHR), a key feature of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), is closely associated with aortic dissection. This finding highlights a potential new risk factor for this life-threatening cardiovascular condition.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Sleep Medicine
- Respiratory Medicine
Background:
- Aortic dissection is a critical cardiovascular condition with high mortality.
- Risk factors for aortic dissection remain incompletely understood.
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an emerging cardiovascular risk factor, with intermittent hypoxia and re-oxygenation (IHR) proposed as a mechanism.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of nocturnal IHR in patients with aortic dissection.
- To compare IHR levels between aortic dissection patients and controls.
- To assess the independent association between aortic dissection and IHR.
Main Methods:
- Sleep studies were conducted on 29 patients with aortic dissection and 59 control subjects.
- Intermittent hypoxia and re-oxygenation (IHR) was quantified using the 3% oxygen desaturation index (ODI).
- Multivariate analysis was employed to identify independent predictors of aortic dissection.
Main Results:
- Patients with aortic dissection exhibited significantly higher rates of moderate-to-severe and severe IHR compared to controls (p = 0.04 and p < 0.001, respectively).
- The mean 3% ODI was substantially higher in the aortic dissection group (34.8 ± 23.1) than in the control group (19.0 ± 14.1, p = 0.003).
- Multivariate analysis confirmed a significant association between 3% ODI and aortic dissection (OR 1.44; 95% CI 1.08-1.91; p = 0.01).
Conclusions:
- Nocturnal intermittent hypoxia and re-oxygenation (IHR) is significantly more prevalent in patients with aortic dissection.
- The 3% oxygen desaturation index (ODI), a measure of IHR, is an independent risk factor for aortic dissection.
- These findings suggest a strong link between OSA-related IHR and the development of aortic dissection.
Related Concept Videos
01:21Acute Respiratory Failure-II
Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
01:10Atelectasis II: Pathophysiology
Atelectasis develops when alveoli lose their air and collapse inward. Because lung tissue is naturally elastic, these air sacs shrink rather than remaining open. Collapsed alveoli are no longer ventilated, reducing their role in gas exchange. Blood flow may continue in these regions, creating a ventilation–perfusion mismatch. Clinical findings include decreased breath sounds, dullness to percussion, reduced chest expansion, and decreased tactile fremitus as sound transmission through collapsed...
01:15Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction
IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
01:23Hypoxia
Hypoxia is a medical condition characterized by an inadequate oxygen supply to body tissues. It typically manifests as a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucosae, especially in fair-skinned individuals, when hemoglobin (Hb) saturation drops below 75%.
Types of Hypoxia
There are four primary types of hypoxia, each resulting from a different cause:
1. Anemic hypoxia: This type occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBCs) or RBCs with abnormal or...
Types of Hypoxia
There are four primary types of hypoxia, each resulting from a different cause:
1. Anemic hypoxia: This type occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBCs) or RBCs with abnormal or...
01:21Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
01:26Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care
Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...