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Related Concept Videos

Properties of Transition Metals02:58

Properties of Transition Metals

Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Coordination Number and Geometry02:57

Coordination Number and Geometry

For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
Complexometric Titration: Ligands00:43

Complexometric Titration: Ligands

Different monodentate and polydentate ligands are used as complexing agents in complexometric titration reactions. The formation of complexes by mono- and bidentate ligands involves two or more intermediate steps, limiting their use as complexing agents. In comparison, polydentate ligands can form complexes with metal ions in a single-step process, facilitating sharper end points. This means polydentate ligands, such as amino carboxylic acid derivatives, are most commonly employed in...
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers
07:14

Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers

Published on: May 12, 2023

Difluoridodioxido(1,10-phenanthroline)molybdenum(VI).

Wenju Wang, Youdi Zhang, Xiangjun Jin

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |May 18, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study details a novel molybdenum-fluoride-oxide complex with phenanthroline. The compound forms a 3D supramolecular framework through hydrogen bonding and pi-pi interactions.

    Area of Science:

    • Inorganic Chemistry
    • Crystallography
    • Supramolecular Chemistry

    Background:

    • Molybdenum-based compounds exhibit diverse coordination geometries and applications.
    • Phenanthroline ligands are widely used in coordination chemistry.
    • Understanding supramolecular assembly is crucial for materials science.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To synthesize and characterize a novel molybdenum-fluoride-oxide complex.
    • To investigate the structural features and intermolecular interactions of the title compound.
    • To explore the self-assembly of the complex into a three-dimensional supramolecular framework.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
    • Analysis of bond lengths, angles, and non-covalent interactions was performed.

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    A Technical Guide for Performing Spectroscopic Measurements on Metal-Organic Frameworks

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    Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers
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    Published on: May 12, 2023

    Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks
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    Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

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    A Technical Guide for Performing Spectroscopic Measurements on Metal-Organic Frameworks
    10:13

    A Technical Guide for Performing Spectroscopic Measurements on Metal-Organic Frameworks

    Published on: April 28, 2023

  • Computational methods may be used for further analysis (if applicable).

    • Main Results:

    • The title compound, [MoF(2)O(2)(C(12)H(8)N(2))], was synthesized and structurally characterized.
    • The molybdenum(VI) atom adopts a distorted octahedral geometry.
    • The crystal structure reveals a 3D supramolecular framework formed by weak C-H...O, C-H...F hydrogen bonds, and π-π stacking interactions.

    Conclusions:

    • The synthesized complex exhibits unique structural characteristics with potential for further investigation.
    • The formation of a 3D supramolecular network highlights the role of non-covalent interactions in crystal engineering.
    • This study contributes to the understanding of molybdenum coordination chemistry and supramolecular assembly.