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Related Concept Videos

E1 Reaction: Kinetics and Mechanism02:46

E1 Reaction: Kinetics and Mechanism

Here, in contrast to the E2 reaction mechanism, we delve into the aspects of the E1 reaction mechanism, which has two steps: rate-limiting loss of the leaving group and abstraction of the beta hydrogen by a weak base. Typically, the experimental proof for the E1 mechanism is via kinetic studies or isotope studies. While the former demonstrates the first-order kinetics—the dependence of the reaction solely on substrate concentration—the latter proves the abstraction of hydrogen only in the...

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(E)-1-Methyl-4-styrylpyridinium iodide monohydrate.

Hoong-Kun Fun, Suchada Chantrapromma, Chanasuk Surasit

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |May 18, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study details the crystal structure of a pyridinium compound, revealing an E-configured ethenyl bond and planar cation. Intermolecular interactions, including hydrogen bonds and pi-pi stacking, stabilize the crystal lattice.

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    Area of Science:

    • Crystallography
    • Supramolecular Chemistry
    • Organic Chemistry

    Background:

    • Understanding the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in crystalline solids is crucial for predicting material properties.
    • Pyridinium derivatives are important in various chemical applications, necessitating detailed structural analysis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the crystal structure of the title compound, C(14)H(14)N(+)·I(-)·H(2)O.
    • To investigate the intermolecular interactions governing the crystal packing.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
    • Analysis of bond lengths, bond angles, dihedral angles, and intermolecular contacts was performed.

    Main Results:

    • The cation exhibits a near-planar geometry with a dihedral angle of 2.55° between the pyridinium and phenyl rings.
    • The ethenyl bond adopts an E configuration.
    • The crystal structure is stabilized by C-H···O interactions between the cation and water, O-H···I hydrogen bonds between water and iodide ions, and π-π stacking between aromatic rings.

    Conclusions:

    • The crystal structure of the title compound is characterized by specific intermolecular interactions that dictate its packing.
    • The observed planarity and E-configuration of the cation, along with the stabilizing interactions, provide insights into the solid-state behavior of this pyridinium derivative.